Paradigm Generator
Тиде материал нерген кызыт англичан йылме дене веле лудаш лиеш. Марий ден руш версий ямдылалтеш да вашке савыкталтшаш.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosam | om kosa |
| 2SG: | kosat | ot kosa |
| 3SG: | kosaš | ok/ogeš kosa |
| 1PL: | kosaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kosa |
| 2PL: | kosaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kosa |
| 3PL: | kosaə̑t | ogə̑t kosa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosaə̑m | šə̑m kosa |
| 2SG: | kosaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kosa |
| 3SG: | kosaje | ə̑š kosa |
| 1PL: | kosana | ə̑šna kosa |
| 2PL: | kosada | ə̑šda kosa |
| 3PL: | kosaə̑č́ | ə̑št kosa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosaə̑nam | kosaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kosaə̑nat | kosaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kosaə̑n | kosaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kosaə̑nna | kosaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kosaə̑nda | kosaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kosaə̑nə̑t | kosaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosam ə̑l'e | om kosa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kosat ə̑l'e | ot kosa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kosaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kosa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kosaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kosa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kosaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kosa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kosaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kosa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosam ulmaš | om kosa ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kosat ulmaš | ot kosa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kosaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kosa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kosaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kosa ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kosaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kosa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kosaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kosa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kosaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kosaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kosaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kosaə̑n ə̑l'e | kosaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kosaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kosaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kosaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kosaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kosaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kosaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosaə̑nam ulmaš | kosaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kosaə̑nat ulmaš | kosaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kosaə̑n ulmaš | kosaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kosaə̑nna ulmaš | kosaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kosaə̑nda ulmaš | kosaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kosaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kosaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kosa | it kosa |
| 3SG: | kosaže | ə̑nže kosa |
| 1PL: | (kosaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kosa) |
| 2PL: | kosaza | ida kosa |
| 3PL: | kosašt | ə̑nə̑št kosa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosanem | ə̑nem kosa |
| 2SG: | kosanet | ə̑net kosa |
| 3SG: | kosaneže | ə̑než kosa |
| 1PL: | kosanena | ə̑nena kosa |
| 2PL: | kosaneda | ə̑neda kosa |
| 3PL: | kosanešt | ə̑nešt kosa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kosanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kosa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kosanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kosa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kosaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kosa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kosanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kosa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kosaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kosa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kosanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kosa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kosanet ulmaš | ə̑net kosa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kosaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kosa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kosaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kosa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kosanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kosa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kosaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kosaman |
| Active participle: | kosaše |
| Passive participle: | kosame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kosašaš |
| Negative participle: | kosadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kosaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kosade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kosamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kosameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kosašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kosamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kosadə̑maš |
