Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmam | om košma |
| 2SG: | košmat | ot košma |
| 3SG: | košmaš | ok/ogeš košma |
| 1PL: | košmaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na košma |
| 2PL: | košmaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da košma |
| 3PL: | košmaə̑t | ogə̑t košma |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmaə̑m | šə̑m košma |
| 2SG: | košmaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ košma |
| 3SG: | košmaje | ə̑š košma |
| 1PL: | košmana | ə̑šna košma |
| 2PL: | košmada | ə̑šda košma |
| 3PL: | košmaə̑č́ | ə̑št košma |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmaə̑nam | košmaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | košmaə̑nat | košmaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | košmaə̑n | košmaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | košmaə̑nna | košmaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | košmaə̑nda | košmaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | košmaə̑nə̑t | košmaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmam ə̑l'e | om košma ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | košmat ə̑l'e | ot košma ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | košmaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš košma ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | košmaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na košma ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | košmaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da košma ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | košmaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t košma ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmam ulmaš | om košma ulmaš |
| 2SG: | košmat ulmaš | ot košma ulmaš |
| 3SG: | košmaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš košma ulmaš |
| 1PL: | košmaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na košma ulmaš |
| 2PL: | košmaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da košma ulmaš |
| 3PL: | košmaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t košma ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmaə̑nam ə̑l'e | košmaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | košmaə̑nat ə̑l'e | košmaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | košmaə̑n ə̑l'e | košmaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | košmaə̑nna ə̑l'e | košmaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | košmaə̑nda ə̑l'e | košmaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | košmaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | košmaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmaə̑nam ulmaš | košmaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | košmaə̑nat ulmaš | košmaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | košmaə̑n ulmaš | košmaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | košmaə̑nna ulmaš | košmaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | košmaə̑nda ulmaš | košmaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | košmaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | košmaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | košma | it košma |
| 3SG: | košmaže | ə̑nže košma |
| 1PL: | (košmaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na košma) |
| 2PL: | košmaza | ida košma |
| 3PL: | košmašt | ə̑nə̑št košma |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmanem | ə̑nem košma |
| 2SG: | košmanet | ə̑net košma |
| 3SG: | košmaneže | ə̑než košma |
| 1PL: | košmanena | ə̑nena košma |
| 2PL: | košmaneda | ə̑neda košma |
| 3PL: | košmanešt | ə̑nešt košma |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | košmanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem košma ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | košmanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net košma ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | košmaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než košma ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | košmanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena košma ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | košmaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda košma ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | košmanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt košma ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | košmanet ulmaš | ə̑net košma ulmaš |
| 3SG: | košmaneže ulmaš | ə̑než košma ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | košmaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda košma ulmaš |
| 3PL: | košmanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt košma ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | košmaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | košmaman |
| Active participle: | košmaše |
| Passive participle: | košmame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | košmašaš |
| Negative participle: | košmadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | košmaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | košmade |
| Gerund of prior action: | košmamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | košmameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | košmašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | košmamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | košmadə̑maš |
