Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβem | om koβo |
| 2SG: | koβet | ot koβo |
| 3SG: | koβa | ok/ogeš koβo |
| 1PL: | koβena | ona/ogə̑na koβo |
| 2PL: | koβeda | oda/ogə̑da koβo |
| 3PL: | koβat | ogə̑t koβo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑šə̑m | šə̑m koβo |
| 2SG: | koβə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβo |
| 3SG: | koβə̑š | ə̑š koβo |
| 1PL: | koβə̑šna | ə̑šna koβo |
| 2PL: | koβə̑šda | ə̑šda koβo |
| 3PL: | koβə̑št | ə̑št koβo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβenam | koβen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | koβenat | koβen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | koβen | koβen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | koβenna | koβen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | koβenda | koβen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | koβenə̑t | koβen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβem ə̑l'e | om koβo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβet ə̑l'e | ot koβo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβem ulmaš | om koβo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβet ulmaš | ot koβo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβa ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβat ulmaš | ogə̑t koβo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβenam ə̑l'e | koβen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβenat ə̑l'e | koβen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβen ə̑l'e | koβen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβenna ə̑l'e | koβen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβenda ə̑l'e | koβen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβen ə̑l'e | koβen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβenam ulmaš | koβen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβenat ulmaš | koβen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβen ulmaš | koβen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβenna ulmaš | koβen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβenda ulmaš | koβen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβen ulmaš | koβen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβo | it koβo |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žo | ə̑nže koβo |
| 1PL: | (koβena) | (ona/ogə̑na koβo) |
| 2PL: | koβə̑za | ida koβo |
| 3PL: | koβə̑št | ə̑nə̑št koβo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑nem | ə̑nem koβo |
| 2SG: | koβə̑net | ə̑net koβo |
| 3SG: | koβə̑neže | ə̑než koβo |
| 1PL: | koβə̑nena | ə̑nena koβo |
| 2PL: | koβə̑neda | ə̑neda koβo |
| 3PL: | koβə̑nešt | ə̑nešt koβo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net koβo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než koβo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koβə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koβaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koβə̑man |
| Active participle: | koβə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | koβə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koβə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | koβə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβen |
| Negative gerund: | koβə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | koβə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koβə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | koβə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | koβə̑də̑maš |
