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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kugoβda |
| Genitive: | kugoβdan |
| Dative: | kugoβdalan |
| Accusative: | kugoβdam |
| Comparative: | kugoβdala |
| Comitative: | kugoβdage |
| Inessive: | kugoβdaʃte |
| Illative: | kugoβdaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kugoβdaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kugoβdam |
| 2SG: | kugoβdat |
| 3SG: | kugoβdaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kugoβdana |
| 2PL: | kugoβdada |
| 3PL: | kugoβdaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kugoβda-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kugoβda-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kugoβdala |
| Sociative Plural: | kugoβdamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kugoβdam | kugoβda-βlak | kugoβda-βlakem, kugoβdam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kugoβdamən | kugoβda-βlakən | kugoβda-βlakemən, kugoβdam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kugoβdamlan, kugoβdalanem | kugoβda-βlaklan | kugoβda-βlakemlan, kugoβdam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kugoβdaməm | kugoβda-βlakəm | kugoβda-βlakeməm, kugoβdam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kugoβdamla, kugoβdalam | kugoβda-βlakla | kugoβda-βlakemla, kugoβdam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kugoβdamge | kugoβda-βlakge | kugoβda-βlakemge, kugoβdam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kugoβdaʃtem | kugoβda-βlakəʃte | kugoβda-βlakəʃtem, kugoβdam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kugoβdaʃkem | kugoβda-βlakəʃ(ke) | kugoβda-βlakəʃkem, kugoβdam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kugoβdaʃem | kugoβda-βlakeʃ | kugoβda-βlakeʃem, kugoβdam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||