Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulam | om kula |
| 2SG: | kulat | ot kula |
| 3SG: | kulaš | ok/ogeš kula |
| 1PL: | kulaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kula |
| 2PL: | kulaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kula |
| 3PL: | kulaə̑t | ogə̑t kula |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulaə̑m | šə̑m kula |
| 2SG: | kulaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kula |
| 3SG: | kulaje | ə̑š kula |
| 1PL: | kulana | ə̑šna kula |
| 2PL: | kulada | ə̑šda kula |
| 3PL: | kulaə̑č́ | ə̑št kula |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulaə̑nam | kulaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kulaə̑nat | kulaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kulaə̑n | kulaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kulaə̑nna | kulaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kulaə̑nda | kulaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kulaə̑nə̑t | kulaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulam ə̑l'e | om kula ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kulat ə̑l'e | ot kula ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kulaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kula ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kulaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kula ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kulaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kula ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kulaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kula ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulam ulmaš | om kula ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kulat ulmaš | ot kula ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kulaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kula ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kulaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kula ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kulaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kula ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kulaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kula ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kulaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kulaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kulaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kulaə̑n ə̑l'e | kulaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kulaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kulaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kulaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kulaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kulaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kulaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulaə̑nam ulmaš | kulaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kulaə̑nat ulmaš | kulaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kulaə̑n ulmaš | kulaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kulaə̑nna ulmaš | kulaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kulaə̑nda ulmaš | kulaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kulaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kulaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kula | it kula |
| 3SG: | kulaže | ə̑nže kula |
| 1PL: | (kulaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kula) |
| 2PL: | kulaza | ida kula |
| 3PL: | kulašt | ə̑nə̑št kula |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulanem | ə̑nem kula |
| 2SG: | kulanet | ə̑net kula |
| 3SG: | kulaneže | ə̑než kula |
| 1PL: | kulanena | ə̑nena kula |
| 2PL: | kulaneda | ə̑neda kula |
| 3PL: | kulanešt | ə̑nešt kula |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kulanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kula ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kulanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kula ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kulaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kula ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kulanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kula ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kulaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kula ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kulanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kula ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kulanet ulmaš | ə̑net kula ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kulaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kula ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kulaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kula ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kulanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kula ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kulaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kulaman |
| Active participle: | kulaše |
| Passive participle: | kulame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kulašaš |
| Negative participle: | kuladə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kulaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kulade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kulamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kulameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kulašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kulamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kuladə̑maš |
