Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβam | om kumaβa |
| 2SG: | kumaβat | ot kumaβa |
| 3SG: | kumaβaš | ok/ogeš kumaβa |
| 1PL: | kumaβaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kumaβa |
| 2PL: | kumaβaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kumaβa |
| 3PL: | kumaβaə̑t | ogə̑t kumaβa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβaə̑m | šə̑m kumaβa |
| 2SG: | kumaβaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kumaβa |
| 3SG: | kumaβaje | ə̑š kumaβa |
| 1PL: | kumaβana | ə̑šna kumaβa |
| 2PL: | kumaβada | ə̑šda kumaβa |
| 3PL: | kumaβaə̑č́ | ə̑št kumaβa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβaə̑nam | kumaβaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kumaβaə̑nat | kumaβaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kumaβaə̑n | kumaβaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kumaβaə̑nna | kumaβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kumaβaə̑nda | kumaβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kumaβaə̑nə̑t | kumaβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβam ə̑l'e | om kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumaβat ə̑l'e | ot kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumaβaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumaβaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumaβaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumaβaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kumaβa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβam ulmaš | om kumaβa ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kumaβat ulmaš | ot kumaβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumaβaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kumaβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kumaβaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kumaβa ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kumaβaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kumaβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumaβaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kumaβa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kumaβaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumaβaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kumaβaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumaβaə̑n ə̑l'e | kumaβaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumaβaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kumaβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumaβaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kumaβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumaβaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kumaβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβaə̑nam ulmaš | kumaβaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kumaβaə̑nat ulmaš | kumaβaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumaβaə̑n ulmaš | kumaβaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kumaβaə̑nna ulmaš | kumaβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kumaβaə̑nda ulmaš | kumaβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumaβaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kumaβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kumaβa | it kumaβa |
| 3SG: | kumaβaže | ə̑nže kumaβa |
| 1PL: | (kumaβaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kumaβa) |
| 2PL: | kumaβaza | ida kumaβa |
| 3PL: | kumaβašt | ə̑nə̑št kumaβa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβanem | ə̑nem kumaβa |
| 2SG: | kumaβanet | ə̑net kumaβa |
| 3SG: | kumaβaneže | ə̑než kumaβa |
| 1PL: | kumaβanena | ə̑nena kumaβa |
| 2PL: | kumaβaneda | ə̑neda kumaβa |
| 3PL: | kumaβanešt | ə̑nešt kumaβa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumaβanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumaβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumaβaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumaβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumaβaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kumaβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumaβanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kumaβa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kumaβanet ulmaš | ə̑net kumaβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumaβaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kumaβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kumaβaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kumaβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumaβanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kumaβa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kumaβaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kumaβaman |
| Active participle: | kumaβaše |
| Passive participle: | kumaβame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kumaβašaš |
| Negative participle: | kumaβadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kumaβaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kumaβade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kumaβamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kumaβameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kumaβašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kumaβamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kumaβadə̑maš |
