Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńam | om kumβarńa |
| 2SG: | kumβarńat | ot kumβarńa |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaš | ok/ogeš kumβarńa |
| 1PL: | kumβarńaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kumβarńa |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kumβarńa |
| 3PL: | kumβarńaə̑t | ogə̑t kumβarńa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńaə̑m | šə̑m kumβarńa |
| 2SG: | kumβarńaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kumβarńa |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaje | ə̑š kumβarńa |
| 1PL: | kumβarńana | ə̑šna kumβarńa |
| 2PL: | kumβarńada | ə̑šda kumβarńa |
| 3PL: | kumβarńaə̑č́ | ə̑št kumβarńa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńaə̑nam | kumβarńaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kumβarńaə̑nat | kumβarńaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaə̑n | kumβarńaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kumβarńaə̑nna | kumβarńaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaə̑nda | kumβarńaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kumβarńaə̑nə̑t | kumβarńaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńam ə̑l'e | om kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumβarńat ə̑l'e | ot kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumβarńaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumβarńaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńam ulmaš | om kumβarńa ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kumβarńat ulmaš | ot kumβarńa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kumβarńa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kumβarńaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kumβarńa ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kumβarńa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumβarńaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kumβarńa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńaə̑nam ə̑l'e | kumβarńaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumβarńaə̑nat ə̑l'e | kumβarńaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaə̑n ə̑l'e | kumβarńaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumβarńaə̑nna ə̑l'e | kumβarńaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaə̑nda ə̑l'e | kumβarńaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumβarńaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kumβarńaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńaə̑nam ulmaš | kumβarńaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kumβarńaə̑nat ulmaš | kumβarńaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaə̑n ulmaš | kumβarńaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kumβarńaə̑nna ulmaš | kumβarńaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaə̑nda ulmaš | kumβarńaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumβarńaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kumβarńaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kumβarńa | it kumβarńa |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaže | ə̑nže kumβarńa |
| 1PL: | (kumβarńaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kumβarńa) |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaza | ida kumβarńa |
| 3PL: | kumβarńašt | ə̑nə̑št kumβarńa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńanem | ə̑nem kumβarńa |
| 2SG: | kumβarńanet | ə̑net kumβarńa |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaneže | ə̑než kumβarńa |
| 1PL: | kumβarńanena | ə̑nena kumβarńa |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaneda | ə̑neda kumβarńa |
| 3PL: | kumβarńanešt | ə̑nešt kumβarńa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kumβarńanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumβarńanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumβarńanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumβarńanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kumβarńa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kumβarńanet ulmaš | ə̑net kumβarńa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumβarńaneže ulmaš | ə̑než kumβarńa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kumβarńaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kumβarńa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumβarńanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kumβarńa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kumβarńaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kumβarńaman |
| Active participle: | kumβarńaše |
| Passive participle: | kumβarńame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kumβarńašaš |
| Negative participle: | kumβarńadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kumβarńaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kumβarńade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kumβarńamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kumβarńameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kumβarńašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kumβarńamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kumβarńadə̑maš |
