Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkueam | om kupkue |
| 2SG: | kupkueat | ot kupkue |
| 3SG: | kupkueš | ok/ogeš kupkue |
| 1PL: | kupkueə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kupkue |
| 2PL: | kupkueə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kupkue |
| 3PL: | kupkueə̑t | ogə̑t kupkue |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkueə̑m | šə̑m kupkue |
| 2SG: | kupkueə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kupkue |
| 3SG: | kupkueje | ə̑š kupkue |
| 1PL: | kupkuena | ə̑šna kupkue |
| 2PL: | kupkueda | ə̑šda kupkue |
| 3PL: | kupkueə̑č́ | ə̑št kupkue |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkueə̑nam | kupkueə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kupkueə̑nat | kupkueə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kupkueə̑n | kupkueə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kupkueə̑nna | kupkueə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kupkueə̑nda | kupkueə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kupkueə̑nə̑t | kupkueə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkueam ə̑l'e | om kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kupkueat ə̑l'e | ot kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kupkueš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kupkueə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kupkueə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kupkueə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kupkue ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkueam ulmaš | om kupkue ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kupkueat ulmaš | ot kupkue ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kupkueš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kupkue ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kupkueə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kupkue ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kupkueə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kupkue ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kupkueə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kupkue ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkueə̑nam ə̑l'e | kupkueə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kupkueə̑nat ə̑l'e | kupkueə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kupkueə̑n ə̑l'e | kupkueə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kupkueə̑nna ə̑l'e | kupkueə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kupkueə̑nda ə̑l'e | kupkueə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kupkueə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kupkueə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkueə̑nam ulmaš | kupkueə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kupkueə̑nat ulmaš | kupkueə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kupkueə̑n ulmaš | kupkueə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kupkueə̑nna ulmaš | kupkueə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kupkueə̑nda ulmaš | kupkueə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kupkueə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kupkueə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kupkue | it kupkue |
| 3SG: | kupkueže | ə̑nže kupkue |
| 1PL: | (kupkueə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kupkue) |
| 2PL: | kupkueza | ida kupkue |
| 3PL: | kupkuešt | ə̑nə̑št kupkue |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkuenem | ə̑nem kupkue |
| 2SG: | kupkuenet | ə̑net kupkue |
| 3SG: | kupkueneže | ə̑než kupkue |
| 1PL: | kupkuenena | ə̑nena kupkue |
| 2PL: | kupkueneda | ə̑neda kupkue |
| 3PL: | kupkuenešt | ə̑nešt kupkue |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kupkuenem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kupkuenena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kupkueneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kupkuenena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kupkueneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kupkue ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kupkuenešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kupkue ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kupkuenet ulmaš | ə̑net kupkue ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kupkueneže ulmaš | ə̑než kupkue ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kupkueneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kupkue ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kupkuenešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kupkue ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kupkueaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kupkueman |
| Active participle: | kupkueše |
| Passive participle: | kupkueme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kupkuešaš |
| Negative participle: | kupkuedə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kupkueə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kupkuede |
| Gerund of prior action: | kupkuemek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kupkuemeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kupkuešə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kupkuemaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kupkuedə̑maš |
