Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕuram | om kuṕur |
| 2SG: | kuṕurat | ot kuṕur |
| 3SG: | kuṕureš | ok/ogeš kuṕur |
| 1PL: | kuṕurə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kuṕur |
| 2PL: | kuṕurə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kuṕur |
| 3PL: | kuṕurə̑t | ogə̑t kuṕur |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕurə̑m | šə̑m kuṕur |
| 2SG: | kuṕurə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kuṕur |
| 3SG: | kuṕuro | ə̑š kuṕur |
| 1PL: | kuṕurna | ə̑šna kuṕur |
| 2PL: | kuṕurda | ə̑šda kuṕur |
| 3PL: | kuṕurə̑č́ | ə̑št kuṕur |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕurə̑nam | kuṕurə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kuṕurə̑nat | kuṕurə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kuṕurə̑n | kuṕurə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kuṕurə̑nna | kuṕurə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kuṕurə̑nda | kuṕurə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kuṕurə̑nə̑t | kuṕurə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕuram ə̑l'e | om kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuṕurat ə̑l'e | ot kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuṕureš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuṕurə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuṕurə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuṕurə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kuṕur ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕuram ulmaš | om kuṕur ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuṕurat ulmaš | ot kuṕur ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuṕureš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kuṕur ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuṕurə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kuṕur ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuṕurə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kuṕur ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuṕurə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kuṕur ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕurə̑nam ə̑l'e | kuṕurə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuṕurə̑nat ə̑l'e | kuṕurə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuṕurə̑n ə̑l'e | kuṕurə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuṕurə̑nna ə̑l'e | kuṕurə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuṕurə̑nda ə̑l'e | kuṕurə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuṕurə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kuṕurə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕurə̑nam ulmaš | kuṕurə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuṕurə̑nat ulmaš | kuṕurə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuṕurə̑n ulmaš | kuṕurə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuṕurə̑nna ulmaš | kuṕurə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuṕurə̑nda ulmaš | kuṕurə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuṕurə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kuṕurə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuṕur | it kuṕur |
| 3SG: | kuṕuržo | ə̑nže kuṕur |
| 1PL: | (kuṕurə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kuṕur) |
| 2PL: | kuṕurza | ida kuṕur |
| 3PL: | kuṕurə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kuṕur |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕurnem | ə̑nem kuṕur |
| 2SG: | kuṕurnet | ə̑net kuṕur |
| 3SG: | kuṕurneže | ə̑než kuṕur |
| 1PL: | kuṕurnena | ə̑nena kuṕur |
| 2PL: | kuṕurneda | ə̑neda kuṕur |
| 3PL: | kuṕurnešt | ə̑nešt kuṕur |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuṕurnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuṕurnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuṕurneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuṕurnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuṕurneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kuṕur ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuṕurnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kuṕur ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuṕurnet ulmaš | ə̑net kuṕur ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuṕurneže ulmaš | ə̑než kuṕur ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kuṕurneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kuṕur ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuṕurnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kuṕur ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kuṕuraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kuṕurman |
| Active participle: | kuṕuršo |
| Passive participle: | kuṕurmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kuṕuršaš |
| Negative participle: | kuṕurdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kuṕurə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kuṕurde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kuṕurmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kuṕurmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kuṕuršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kuṕurmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kuṕurdə̑maš |
