Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋganam | om kuŋgan |
| 2SG: | kuŋganat | ot kuŋgan |
| 3SG: | kuŋganeš | ok/ogeš kuŋgan |
| 1PL: | kuŋganə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kuŋgan |
| 2PL: | kuŋganə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kuŋgan |
| 3PL: | kuŋganə̑t | ogə̑t kuŋgan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋgańə̑m | šə̑m kuŋgan |
| 2SG: | kuŋgańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kuŋgan |
| 3SG: | kuŋgańe | ə̑š kuŋgan |
| 1PL: | kuŋganna | ə̑šna kuŋgan |
| 2PL: | kuŋganda | ə̑šda kuŋgan |
| 3PL: | kuŋgańə̑č́ | ə̑št kuŋgan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋganə̑nam | kuŋganə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kuŋganə̑nat | kuŋganə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kuŋganə̑n | kuŋganə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kuŋganə̑nna | kuŋganə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kuŋganə̑nda | kuŋganə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kuŋganə̑nə̑t | kuŋganə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋganam ə̑l'e | om kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuŋganat ə̑l'e | ot kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuŋganeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuŋganə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuŋganə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuŋganə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋganam ulmaš | om kuŋgan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuŋganat ulmaš | ot kuŋgan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuŋganeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kuŋgan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuŋganə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kuŋgan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuŋganə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kuŋgan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuŋganə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kuŋgan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋganə̑nam ə̑l'e | kuŋganə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuŋganə̑nat ə̑l'e | kuŋganə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuŋganə̑n ə̑l'e | kuŋganə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuŋganə̑nna ə̑l'e | kuŋganə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuŋganə̑nda ə̑l'e | kuŋganə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuŋganə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kuŋganə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋganə̑nam ulmaš | kuŋganə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuŋganə̑nat ulmaš | kuŋganə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuŋganə̑n ulmaš | kuŋganə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuŋganə̑nna ulmaš | kuŋganə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuŋganə̑nda ulmaš | kuŋganə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuŋganə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kuŋganə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuŋgan | it kuŋgan |
| 3SG: | kuŋganže | ə̑nže kuŋgan |
| 1PL: | (kuŋganə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kuŋgan) |
| 2PL: | kuŋganza | ida kuŋgan |
| 3PL: | kuŋganə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kuŋgan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋgannem | ə̑nem kuŋgan |
| 2SG: | kuŋgannet | ə̑net kuŋgan |
| 3SG: | kuŋganneže | ə̑než kuŋgan |
| 1PL: | kuŋgannena | ə̑nena kuŋgan |
| 2PL: | kuŋganneda | ə̑neda kuŋgan |
| 3PL: | kuŋgannešt | ə̑nešt kuŋgan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kuŋgannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuŋgannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuŋganneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuŋgannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuŋganneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuŋgannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kuŋgan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuŋgannet ulmaš | ə̑net kuŋgan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuŋganneže ulmaš | ə̑než kuŋgan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kuŋganneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kuŋgan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuŋgannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kuŋgan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kuŋganaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kuŋganman |
| Active participle: | kuŋganše |
| Passive participle: | kuŋganme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kuŋganšaš |
| Negative participle: | kuŋgandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kuŋganə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kuŋgande |
| Gerund of prior action: | kuŋganmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kuŋganmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kuŋganšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kuŋganmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kuŋgandə̑maš |
