Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmem | om kušmo |
| 2SG: | kušmet | ot kušmo |
| 3SG: | kušma | ok/ogeš kušmo |
| 1PL: | kušmena | ona/ogə̑na kušmo |
| 2PL: | kušmeda | oda/ogə̑da kušmo |
| 3PL: | kušmat | ogə̑t kušmo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kušmo |
| 2SG: | kušmə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kušmo |
| 3SG: | kušmə̑š | ə̑š kušmo |
| 1PL: | kušmə̑šna | ə̑šna kušmo |
| 2PL: | kušmə̑šda | ə̑šda kušmo |
| 3PL: | kušmə̑št | ə̑št kušmo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmenam | kušmen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kušmenat | kušmen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kušmen | kušmen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kušmenna | kušmen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kušmenda | kušmen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kušmenə̑t | kušmen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmem ə̑l'e | om kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kušmet ə̑l'e | ot kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kušma ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kušmena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kušmeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kušmat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kušmo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmem ulmaš | om kušmo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kušmet ulmaš | ot kušmo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kušma ulmaš | ok/ogeš kušmo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kušmena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kušmo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kušmeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kušmo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kušmat ulmaš | ogə̑t kušmo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmenam ə̑l'e | kušmen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kušmenat ə̑l'e | kušmen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kušmen ə̑l'e | kušmen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kušmenna ə̑l'e | kušmen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kušmenda ə̑l'e | kušmen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kušmen ə̑l'e | kušmen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmenam ulmaš | kušmen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kušmenat ulmaš | kušmen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kušmen ulmaš | kušmen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kušmenna ulmaš | kušmen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kušmenda ulmaš | kušmen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kušmen ulmaš | kušmen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kušmo | it kušmo |
| 3SG: | kušmə̑žo | ə̑nže kušmo |
| 1PL: | (kušmena) | (ona/ogə̑na kušmo) |
| 2PL: | kušmə̑za | ida kušmo |
| 3PL: | kušmə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kušmo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmə̑nem | ə̑nem kušmo |
| 2SG: | kušmə̑net | ə̑net kušmo |
| 3SG: | kušmə̑neže | ə̑než kušmo |
| 1PL: | kušmə̑nena | ə̑nena kušmo |
| 2PL: | kušmə̑neda | ə̑neda kušmo |
| 3PL: | kušmə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kušmo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kušmə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kušmə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kušmə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kušmə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kušmə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kušmo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kušmə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kušmo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kušmə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kušmo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kušmə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kušmo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kušmə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kušmo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kušmə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kušmo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kušmaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kušmə̑man |
| Active participle: | kušmə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | kušmə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kušmə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kušmə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kušmen |
| Negative gerund: | kušmə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kušmə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kušmə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kušmə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kušmə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kušmə̑də̑maš |
