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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kəraltmaʃ |
Genitive: | kəraltmaʃən |
Dative: | kəraltmaʃlan |
Accusative: | kəraltmaʃəm |
Comparative: | kəraltmaʃla |
Comitative: | kəraltmaʃge |
Inessive: | kəraltmaʃte, kəraltmaʃəʃte |
Illative: | kəraltmaʃke, kəraltmaʃəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kəraltmaʃeʃ |
1SG: | kəraltmaʃem |
2SG: | kəraltmaʃet |
3SG: | kəraltmaʃːe, kəraltmaʃəʒ(e) |
1PL: | kəraltmaʃna |
2PL: | kəraltmaʃda |
3PL: | kəraltmaʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | kəraltmaʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | kəraltmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kəraltmaʃla |
Sociative Plural: | kəraltmaʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kəraltmaʃem | kəraltmaʃ-βlak | kəraltmaʃ-βlakem, kəraltmaʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | kəraltmaʃemən | kəraltmaʃ-βlakən | kəraltmaʃ-βlakemən, kəraltmaʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | kəraltmaʃemlan, kəraltmaʃlanem | kəraltmaʃ-βlaklan | kəraltmaʃ-βlakemlan, kəraltmaʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kəraltmaʃeməm | kəraltmaʃ-βlakəm | kəraltmaʃ-βlakeməm, kəraltmaʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kəraltmaʃemla, kəraltmaʃlam | kəraltmaʃ-βlakla | kəraltmaʃ-βlakemla, kəraltmaʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | kəraltmaʃemge | kəraltmaʃ-βlakge | kəraltmaʃ-βlakemge, kəraltmaʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | kəraltmaʃtem, kəraltmaʃəʃtem | kəraltmaʃ-βlakəʃte | kəraltmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, kəraltmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kəraltmaʃkem, kəraltmaʃəʃkem | kəraltmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kəraltmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, kəraltmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kəraltmaʃeʃem | kəraltmaʃ-βlakeʃ | kəraltmaʃ-βlakeʃem, kəraltmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |