Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rakam | om kə̑rak |
| 2SG: | kə̑rakat | ot kə̑rak |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakeš | ok/ogeš kə̑rak |
| 1PL: | kə̑rakə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kə̑rak |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kə̑rak |
| 3PL: | kə̑rakə̑t | ogə̑t kə̑rak |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rakə̑m | šə̑m kə̑rak |
| 2SG: | kə̑rakə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kə̑rak |
| 3SG: | kə̑rake | ə̑š kə̑rak |
| 1PL: | kə̑rakna | ə̑šna kə̑rak |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakda | ə̑šda kə̑rak |
| 3PL: | kə̑rakə̑č́ | ə̑št kə̑rak |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rakə̑nam | kə̑rakə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kə̑rakə̑nat | kə̑rakə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakə̑n | kə̑rakə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kə̑rakə̑nna | kə̑rakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakə̑nda | kə̑rakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kə̑rakə̑nə̑t | kə̑rakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rakam ə̑l'e | om kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑rakat ə̑l'e | ot kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑rakə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑rakə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rakam ulmaš | om kə̑rak ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑rakat ulmaš | ot kə̑rak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kə̑rak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑rakə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kə̑rak ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kə̑rak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑rakə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kə̑rak ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rakə̑nam ə̑l'e | kə̑rakə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑rakə̑nat ə̑l'e | kə̑rakə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakə̑n ə̑l'e | kə̑rakə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑rakə̑nna ə̑l'e | kə̑rakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakə̑nda ə̑l'e | kə̑rakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑rakə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kə̑rakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rakə̑nam ulmaš | kə̑rakə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑rakə̑nat ulmaš | kə̑rakə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakə̑n ulmaš | kə̑rakə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑rakə̑nna ulmaš | kə̑rakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakə̑nda ulmaš | kə̑rakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑rakə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kə̑rakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑rak | it kə̑rak |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakše | ə̑nže kə̑rak |
| 1PL: | (kə̑rakə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kə̑rak) |
| 2PL: | kə̑raksa | ida kə̑rak |
| 3PL: | kə̑rakə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kə̑rak |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑raknem | ə̑nem kə̑rak |
| 2SG: | kə̑raknet | ə̑net kə̑rak |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakneže | ə̑než kə̑rak |
| 1PL: | kə̑raknena | ə̑nena kə̑rak |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakneda | ə̑neda kə̑rak |
| 3PL: | kə̑raknešt | ə̑nešt kə̑rak |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑raknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑raknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑raknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑raknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kə̑rak ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑raknet ulmaš | ə̑net kə̑rak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑rakneže ulmaš | ə̑než kə̑rak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kə̑rakneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kə̑rak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑raknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kə̑rak ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kə̑rakaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kə̑rakman |
| Active participle: | kə̑rakše |
| Passive participle: | kə̑rakme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kə̑rakšaš |
| Negative participle: | kə̑rakdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kə̑rakə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kə̑rakde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kə̑rakmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kə̑rakmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kə̑rakšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kə̑rakmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kə̑rakdə̑maš |
