Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtem | om kə̑rte |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtet | ot kə̑rte |
| 3SG: | kə̑rta | ok/ogeš kə̑rte |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtena | ona/ogə̑na kə̑rte |
| 2PL: | kə̑rteda | oda/ogə̑da kə̑rte |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtat | ogə̑t kə̑rte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kə̑rte |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kə̑rte |
| 3SG: | kə̑rtə̑š | ə̑š kə̑rte |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtə̑šna | ə̑šna kə̑rte |
| 2PL: | kə̑rtə̑šda | ə̑šda kə̑rte |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtə̑št | ə̑št kə̑rte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtenam | kə̑rten omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtenat | kə̑rten otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kə̑rten | kə̑rten ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtenna | kə̑rten onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kə̑rtenda | kə̑rten odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtenə̑t | kə̑rten ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtem ə̑l'e | om kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtet ə̑l'e | ot kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑rta ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑rteda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtem ulmaš | om kə̑rte ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtet ulmaš | ot kə̑rte ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑rta ulmaš | ok/ogeš kə̑rte ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kə̑rte ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑rteda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kə̑rte ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtat ulmaš | ogə̑t kə̑rte ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtenam ə̑l'e | kə̑rten omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtenat ə̑l'e | kə̑rten otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑rten ə̑l'e | kə̑rten ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtenna ə̑l'e | kə̑rten onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑rtenda ə̑l'e | kə̑rten odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑rten ə̑l'e | kə̑rten ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtenam ulmaš | kə̑rten omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtenat ulmaš | kə̑rten otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑rten ulmaš | kə̑rten ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtenna ulmaš | kə̑rten onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑rtenda ulmaš | kə̑rten odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑rten ulmaš | kə̑rten ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑rte | it kə̑rte |
| 3SG: | kə̑rtə̑že | ə̑nže kə̑rte |
| 1PL: | (kə̑rtena) | (ona/ogə̑na kə̑rte) |
| 2PL: | kə̑rtə̑za | ida kə̑rte |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kə̑rte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtə̑nem | ə̑nem kə̑rte |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtə̑net | ə̑net kə̑rte |
| 3SG: | kə̑rtə̑neže | ə̑než kə̑rte |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtə̑nena | ə̑nena kə̑rte |
| 2PL: | kə̑rtə̑neda | ə̑neda kə̑rte |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kə̑rte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑rtə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑rtə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑rtə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑rtə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kə̑rte ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑rtə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kə̑rte ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑rtə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kə̑rte ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kə̑rtə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kə̑rte ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑rtə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kə̑rte ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kə̑rtaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kə̑rtə̑man |
| Active participle: | kə̑rtə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kə̑rtə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kə̑rtə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kə̑rtə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kə̑rten |
| Negative gerund: | kə̑rtə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kə̑rtə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kə̑rtə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kə̑rtə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kə̑rtə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kə̑rtə̑də̑maš |
