Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptam | om lapta |
| 2SG: | laptat | ot lapta |
| 3SG: | laptaš | ok/ogeš lapta |
| 1PL: | laptaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na lapta |
| 2PL: | laptaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da lapta |
| 3PL: | laptaə̑t | ogə̑t lapta |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptaə̑m | šə̑m lapta |
| 2SG: | laptaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ lapta |
| 3SG: | laptaje | ə̑š lapta |
| 1PL: | laptana | ə̑šna lapta |
| 2PL: | laptada | ə̑šda lapta |
| 3PL: | laptaə̑č́ | ə̑št lapta |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptaə̑nam | laptaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | laptaə̑nat | laptaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | laptaə̑n | laptaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | laptaə̑nna | laptaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | laptaə̑nda | laptaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | laptaə̑nə̑t | laptaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptam ə̑l'e | om lapta ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laptat ə̑l'e | ot lapta ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laptaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš lapta ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laptaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na lapta ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laptaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da lapta ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laptaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t lapta ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptam ulmaš | om lapta ulmaš |
| 2SG: | laptat ulmaš | ot lapta ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laptaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš lapta ulmaš |
| 1PL: | laptaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na lapta ulmaš |
| 2PL: | laptaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da lapta ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laptaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t lapta ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptaə̑nam ə̑l'e | laptaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laptaə̑nat ə̑l'e | laptaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laptaə̑n ə̑l'e | laptaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laptaə̑nna ə̑l'e | laptaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laptaə̑nda ə̑l'e | laptaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laptaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | laptaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptaə̑nam ulmaš | laptaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | laptaə̑nat ulmaš | laptaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laptaə̑n ulmaš | laptaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | laptaə̑nna ulmaš | laptaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | laptaə̑nda ulmaš | laptaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laptaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | laptaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lapta | it lapta |
| 3SG: | laptaže | ə̑nže lapta |
| 1PL: | (laptaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na lapta) |
| 2PL: | laptaza | ida lapta |
| 3PL: | laptašt | ə̑nə̑št lapta |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptanem | ə̑nem lapta |
| 2SG: | laptanet | ə̑net lapta |
| 3SG: | laptaneže | ə̑než lapta |
| 1PL: | laptanena | ə̑nena lapta |
| 2PL: | laptaneda | ə̑neda lapta |
| 3PL: | laptanešt | ə̑nešt lapta |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | laptanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem lapta ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | laptanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net lapta ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | laptaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než lapta ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | laptanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena lapta ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | laptaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda lapta ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | laptanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt lapta ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | laptanet ulmaš | ə̑net lapta ulmaš |
| 3SG: | laptaneže ulmaš | ə̑než lapta ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | laptaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda lapta ulmaš |
| 3PL: | laptanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt lapta ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | laptaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | laptaman |
| Active participle: | laptaše |
| Passive participle: | laptame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | laptašaš |
| Negative participle: | laptadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | laptaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | laptade |
| Gerund of prior action: | laptamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | laptameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | laptašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | laptamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | laptadə̑maš |
