Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkem | om lapke |
| 2SG: | lapket | ot lapke |
| 3SG: | lapka | ok/ogeʃ lapke |
| 1PL: | lapkena | ona/ogəna lapke |
| 2PL: | lapkeda | oda/ogəda lapke |
| 3PL: | lapkat | ogət lapke |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkəʃəm | ʃəm lapke |
| 2SG: | lapkəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ lapke |
| 3SG: | lapkəʃ | əʃ lapke |
| 1PL: | lapkəʃna | əʃna lapke |
| 2PL: | lapkəʃda | əʃda lapke |
| 3PL: | lapkəʃt | əʃt lapke |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkenam | lapken oməl |
| 2SG: | lapkenat | lapken otəl |
| 3SG: | lapken | lapken ogəl |
| 1PL: | lapkenːa | lapken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | lapkenda | lapken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | lapkenət | lapken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkem əʎe | om lapke əʎe |
| 2SG: | lapket əʎe | ot lapke əʎe |
| 3SG: | lapka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ lapke əʎe |
| 1PL: | lapkena əʎe | ona/ogəna lapke əʎe |
| 2PL: | lapkeda əʎe | oda/ogəda lapke əʎe |
| 3PL: | lapkat əʎe | ogət lapke əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkem ulmaʃ | om lapke ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | lapket ulmaʃ | ot lapke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | lapka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ lapke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | lapkena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna lapke ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | lapkeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda lapke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | lapkat ulmaʃ | ogət lapke ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkenam əʎe | lapken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | lapkenat əʎe | lapken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | lapken əʎe | lapken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | lapkenːa əʎe | lapken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | lapkenda əʎe | lapken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | lapken əʎe | lapken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkenam ulmaʃ | lapken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | lapkenat ulmaʃ | lapken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | lapken ulmaʃ | lapken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | lapkenːa ulmaʃ | lapken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | lapkenda ulmaʃ | lapken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | lapken ulmaʃ | lapken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lapke | it lapke |
| 3SG: | lapkəʒe | ənʒe lapke |
| 1PL: | (lapkena) | (ona/ogəna lapke) |
| 2PL: | lapkəza | ida lapke |
| 3PL: | lapkəʃt | ənəʃt lapke |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkənem | ənem lapke |
| 2SG: | lapkənet | ənet lapke |
| 3SG: | lapkəneʒe | əneʒ lapke |
| 1PL: | lapkənena | ənena lapke |
| 2PL: | lapkəneda | əneda lapke |
| 3PL: | lapkəneʃt | əneʃt lapke |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lapkənem əʎe | ənem lapke əʎe |
| 2SG: | lapkənena əʎe | ənet lapke əʎe |
| 3SG: | lapkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ lapke əʎe |
| 1PL: | lapkənena əʎe | ənena lapke əʎe |
| 2PL: | lapkəneda əʎe | əneda lapke əʎe |
| 3PL: | lapkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt lapke əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lapkənet ulmaʃ | ənet lapke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | lapkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ lapke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | lapkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda lapke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | lapkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt lapke ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | lapkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | lapkəman |
| Active participle: | lapkəʃe |
| Passive participle: | lapkəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | lapkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | lapkədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | lapken |
| Negative gerund: | lapkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | lapkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | lapkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | lapkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | lapkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | lapkədəmaʃ |
