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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | lišnak |
| Genitive: | lišnakə̑n |
| Dative: | lišnaklan |
| Accusative: | lišnakə̑m |
| Comparative: | lišnakla |
| Comitative: | lišnakge |
| Inessive: | lišnakə̑šte |
| Illative: | lišnakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | lišnakeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | lišnakem |
| 2SG: | lišnaket |
| 3SG: | lišnakše |
| 1PL: | lišnakna |
| 2PL: | lišnakda |
| 3PL: | lišnakə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | lišnak-βlak |
| Plural (2): | lišnak-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | lišnakla |
| Sociative Plural: | lišnakmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | lišnakem | lišnak-βlak | lišnak-βlakem, lišnakem-βlak |
| Genitive: | lišnakemə̑n | lišnak-βlakə̑n | lišnak-βlakemə̑n, lišnakem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | lišnakemlan, lišnaklanem | lišnak-βlaklan | lišnak-βlakemlan, lišnakem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | lišnakemə̑m | lišnak-βlakə̑m | lišnak-βlakemə̑m, lišnakem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | lišnakemla, lišnaklam | lišnak-βlakla | lišnak-βlakemla, lišnakem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | lišnakemge | lišnak-βlakge | lišnak-βlakemge, lišnakem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | lišnakə̑štem | lišnak-βlakə̑šte | lišnak-βlakə̑štem, lišnakem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | lišnakə̑škem | lišnak-βlakə̑š(ke) | lišnak-βlakə̑škem, lišnakem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | lišnakešem | lišnak-βlakeš | lišnak-βlakešem, lišnakem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||