Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukanam | om lukan |
| 2SG: | lukanat | ot lukan |
| 3SG: | lukaneš | ok/ogeš lukan |
| 1PL: | lukanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na lukan |
| 2PL: | lukanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da lukan |
| 3PL: | lukanə̑t | ogə̑t lukan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukańə̑m | šə̑m lukan |
| 2SG: | lukańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ lukan |
| 3SG: | lukańe | ə̑š lukan |
| 1PL: | lukanna | ə̑šna lukan |
| 2PL: | lukanda | ə̑šda lukan |
| 3PL: | lukańə̑č́ | ə̑št lukan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukanə̑nam | lukanə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | lukanə̑nat | lukanə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | lukanə̑n | lukanə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | lukanə̑nna | lukanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | lukanə̑nda | lukanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | lukanə̑nə̑t | lukanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukanam ə̑l'e | om lukan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lukanat ə̑l'e | ot lukan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lukaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš lukan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lukanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na lukan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lukanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da lukan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lukanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t lukan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukanam ulmaš | om lukan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | lukanat ulmaš | ot lukan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lukaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš lukan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | lukanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na lukan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | lukanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da lukan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lukanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t lukan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukanə̑nam ə̑l'e | lukanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lukanə̑nat ə̑l'e | lukanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lukanə̑n ə̑l'e | lukanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lukanə̑nna ə̑l'e | lukanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lukanə̑nda ə̑l'e | lukanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lukanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | lukanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukanə̑nam ulmaš | lukanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | lukanə̑nat ulmaš | lukanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lukanə̑n ulmaš | lukanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | lukanə̑nna ulmaš | lukanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | lukanə̑nda ulmaš | lukanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lukanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | lukanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lukan | it lukan |
| 3SG: | lukanže | ə̑nže lukan |
| 1PL: | (lukanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na lukan) |
| 2PL: | lukanza | ida lukan |
| 3PL: | lukanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št lukan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukannem | ə̑nem lukan |
| 2SG: | lukannet | ə̑net lukan |
| 3SG: | lukanneže | ə̑než lukan |
| 1PL: | lukannena | ə̑nena lukan |
| 2PL: | lukanneda | ə̑neda lukan |
| 3PL: | lukannešt | ə̑nešt lukan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | lukannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem lukan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lukannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net lukan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lukanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než lukan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lukannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena lukan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lukanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda lukan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lukannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt lukan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lukannet ulmaš | ə̑net lukan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lukanneže ulmaš | ə̑než lukan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | lukanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda lukan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lukannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt lukan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | lukanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | lukanman |
| Active participle: | lukanše |
| Passive participle: | lukanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | lukanšaš |
| Negative participle: | lukandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | lukanə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | lukande |
| Gerund of prior action: | lukanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | lukanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | lukanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | lukanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | lukandə̑maš |
