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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ʎuk |
| Genitive: | ʎukən |
| Dative: | ʎuklan |
| Accusative: | ʎukəm |
| Comparative: | ʎukla |
| Comitative: | ʎukge |
| Inessive: | ʎukəʃto |
| Illative: | ʎukəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | ʎukeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ʎukem |
| 2SG: | ʎuket |
| 3SG: | ʎukʃo |
| 1PL: | ʎukna |
| 2PL: | ʎukda |
| 3PL: | ʎukəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ʎuk-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ʎuk-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ʎukla |
| Sociative Plural: | ʎukmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ʎukem | ʎuk-βlak | ʎuk-βlakem, ʎukem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ʎukemən | ʎuk-βlakən | ʎuk-βlakemən, ʎukem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ʎukemlan, ʎuklanem | ʎuk-βlaklan | ʎuk-βlakemlan, ʎukem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ʎukeməm | ʎuk-βlakəm | ʎuk-βlakeməm, ʎukem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ʎukemla, ʎuklam | ʎuk-βlakla | ʎuk-βlakemla, ʎukem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ʎukemge | ʎuk-βlakge | ʎuk-βlakemge, ʎukem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ʎukəʃtem | ʎuk-βlakəʃte | ʎuk-βlakəʃtem, ʎukem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ʎukəʃkem | ʎuk-βlakəʃ(ke) | ʎuk-βlakəʃkem, ʎukem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ʎukeʃem | ʎuk-βlakeʃ | ʎuk-βlakeʃem, ʎukem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||