Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'am | om makarl'a |
| 2SG: | makarl'at | ot makarl'a |
| 3SG: | makarl'aš | ok/ogeš makarl'a |
| 1PL: | makarl'aə̑na | ona/ogə̑na makarl'a |
| 2PL: | makarl'aə̑da | oda/ogə̑da makarl'a |
| 3PL: | makarl'aə̑t | ogə̑t makarl'a |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'aə̑m | šə̑m makarl'a |
| 2SG: | makarl'aə̑č́ | šə̑č́ makarl'a |
| 3SG: | makarl'aje | ə̑š makarl'a |
| 1PL: | makarl'ana | ə̑šna makarl'a |
| 2PL: | makarl'ada | ə̑šda makarl'a |
| 3PL: | makarl'aə̑č́ | ə̑št makarl'a |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'aə̑nam | makarl'aə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | makarl'aə̑nat | makarl'aə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | makarl'aə̑n | makarl'aə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | makarl'aə̑nna | makarl'aə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | makarl'aə̑nda | makarl'aə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | makarl'aə̑nə̑t | makarl'aə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'am ə̑l'e | om makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | makarl'at ə̑l'e | ot makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | makarl'aš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | makarl'aə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | makarl'aə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | makarl'aə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t makarl'a ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'am ulmaš | om makarl'a ulmaš |
| 2SG: | makarl'at ulmaš | ot makarl'a ulmaš |
| 3SG: | makarl'aš ulmaš | ok/ogeš makarl'a ulmaš |
| 1PL: | makarl'aə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na makarl'a ulmaš |
| 2PL: | makarl'aə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da makarl'a ulmaš |
| 3PL: | makarl'aə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t makarl'a ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'aə̑nam ə̑l'e | makarl'aə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | makarl'aə̑nat ə̑l'e | makarl'aə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | makarl'aə̑n ə̑l'e | makarl'aə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | makarl'aə̑nna ə̑l'e | makarl'aə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | makarl'aə̑nda ə̑l'e | makarl'aə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | makarl'aə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | makarl'aə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'aə̑nam ulmaš | makarl'aə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | makarl'aə̑nat ulmaš | makarl'aə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | makarl'aə̑n ulmaš | makarl'aə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | makarl'aə̑nna ulmaš | makarl'aə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | makarl'aə̑nda ulmaš | makarl'aə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | makarl'aə̑nə̑t ulmaš | makarl'aə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | makarl'a | it makarl'a |
| 3SG: | makarl'aže | ə̑nže makarl'a |
| 1PL: | (makarl'aə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na makarl'a) |
| 2PL: | makarl'aza | ida makarl'a |
| 3PL: | makarl'ašt | ə̑nə̑št makarl'a |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'anem | ə̑nem makarl'a |
| 2SG: | makarl'anet | ə̑net makarl'a |
| 3SG: | makarl'aneže | ə̑než makarl'a |
| 1PL: | makarl'anena | ə̑nena makarl'a |
| 2PL: | makarl'aneda | ə̑neda makarl'a |
| 3PL: | makarl'anešt | ə̑nešt makarl'a |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | makarl'anem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | makarl'anena ə̑l'e | ə̑net makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | makarl'aneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | makarl'anena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | makarl'aneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda makarl'a ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | makarl'anešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt makarl'a ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | makarl'anet ulmaš | ə̑net makarl'a ulmaš |
| 3SG: | makarl'aneže ulmaš | ə̑než makarl'a ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | makarl'aneda ulmaš | ə̑neda makarl'a ulmaš |
| 3PL: | makarl'anešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt makarl'a ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | makarl'aš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | makarl'aman |
| Active participle: | makarl'aše |
| Passive participle: | makarl'ame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | makarl'ašaš |
| Negative participle: | makarl'adə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | makarl'aə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | makarl'ade |
| Gerund of prior action: | makarl'amek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | makarl'ameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | makarl'ašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | makarl'amaš |
| Negative nominalization: | makarl'adə̑maš |
