Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbukam | om noutbuk |
| 2SG: | noutbukat | ot noutbuk |
| 3SG: | noutbukeš | ok/ogeš noutbuk |
| 1PL: | noutbukə̑na | ona/ogə̑na noutbuk |
| 2PL: | noutbukə̑da | oda/ogə̑da noutbuk |
| 3PL: | noutbukə̑t | ogə̑t noutbuk |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbukə̑m | šə̑m noutbuk |
| 2SG: | noutbukə̑č́ | šə̑č́ noutbuk |
| 3SG: | noutbuko | ə̑š noutbuk |
| 1PL: | noutbukna | ə̑šna noutbuk |
| 2PL: | noutbukda | ə̑šda noutbuk |
| 3PL: | noutbukə̑č́ | ə̑št noutbuk |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbukə̑nam | noutbukə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | noutbukə̑nat | noutbukə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | noutbukə̑n | noutbukə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | noutbukə̑nna | noutbukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | noutbukə̑nda | noutbukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | noutbukə̑nə̑t | noutbukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbukam ə̑l'e | om noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | noutbukat ə̑l'e | ot noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | noutbukeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | noutbukə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | noutbukə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | noutbukə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t noutbuk ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbukam ulmaš | om noutbuk ulmaš |
| 2SG: | noutbukat ulmaš | ot noutbuk ulmaš |
| 3SG: | noutbukeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš noutbuk ulmaš |
| 1PL: | noutbukə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na noutbuk ulmaš |
| 2PL: | noutbukə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da noutbuk ulmaš |
| 3PL: | noutbukə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t noutbuk ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbukə̑nam ə̑l'e | noutbukə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | noutbukə̑nat ə̑l'e | noutbukə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | noutbukə̑n ə̑l'e | noutbukə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | noutbukə̑nna ə̑l'e | noutbukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | noutbukə̑nda ə̑l'e | noutbukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | noutbukə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | noutbukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbukə̑nam ulmaš | noutbukə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | noutbukə̑nat ulmaš | noutbukə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | noutbukə̑n ulmaš | noutbukə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | noutbukə̑nna ulmaš | noutbukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | noutbukə̑nda ulmaš | noutbukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | noutbukə̑nə̑t ulmaš | noutbukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | noutbuk | it noutbuk |
| 3SG: | noutbukšo | ə̑nže noutbuk |
| 1PL: | (noutbukə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na noutbuk) |
| 2PL: | noutbuksa | ida noutbuk |
| 3PL: | noutbukə̑št | ə̑nə̑št noutbuk |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbuknem | ə̑nem noutbuk |
| 2SG: | noutbuknet | ə̑net noutbuk |
| 3SG: | noutbukneže | ə̑než noutbuk |
| 1PL: | noutbuknena | ə̑nena noutbuk |
| 2PL: | noutbukneda | ə̑neda noutbuk |
| 3PL: | noutbuknešt | ə̑nešt noutbuk |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | noutbuknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | noutbuknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | noutbukneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | noutbuknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | noutbukneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda noutbuk ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | noutbuknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt noutbuk ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | noutbuknet ulmaš | ə̑net noutbuk ulmaš |
| 3SG: | noutbukneže ulmaš | ə̑než noutbuk ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | noutbukneda ulmaš | ə̑neda noutbuk ulmaš |
| 3PL: | noutbuknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt noutbuk ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | noutbukaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | noutbukman |
| Active participle: | noutbukšo |
| Passive participle: | noutbukmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | noutbukšaš |
| Negative participle: | noutbukdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | noutbukə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | noutbukde |
| Gerund of prior action: | noutbukmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | noutbukmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | noutbukšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | noutbukmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | noutbukdə̑maš |
