Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospem | om ospo |
| 2SG: | ospet | ot ospo |
| 3SG: | ospa | ok/ogeʃ ospo |
| 1PL: | ospena | ona/ogəna ospo |
| 2PL: | ospeda | oda/ogəda ospo |
| 3PL: | ospat | ogət ospo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospəʃəm | ʃəm ospo |
| 2SG: | ospəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ospo |
| 3SG: | ospəʃ | əʃ ospo |
| 1PL: | ospəʃna | əʃna ospo |
| 2PL: | ospəʃda | əʃda ospo |
| 3PL: | ospəʃt | əʃt ospo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospenam | ospen oməl |
| 2SG: | ospenat | ospen otəl |
| 3SG: | ospen | ospen ogəl |
| 1PL: | ospenːa | ospen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ospenda | ospen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ospenət | ospen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospem əʎe | om ospo əʎe |
| 2SG: | ospet əʎe | ot ospo əʎe |
| 3SG: | ospa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ospo əʎe |
| 1PL: | ospena əʎe | ona/ogəna ospo əʎe |
| 2PL: | ospeda əʎe | oda/ogəda ospo əʎe |
| 3PL: | ospat əʎe | ogət ospo əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospem ulmaʃ | om ospo ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ospet ulmaʃ | ot ospo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ospa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ospo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ospena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ospo ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ospeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ospo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ospat ulmaʃ | ogət ospo ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospenam əʎe | ospen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ospenat əʎe | ospen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ospen əʎe | ospen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ospenːa əʎe | ospen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ospenda əʎe | ospen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ospen əʎe | ospen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospenam ulmaʃ | ospen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ospenat ulmaʃ | ospen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ospen ulmaʃ | ospen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ospenːa ulmaʃ | ospen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ospenda ulmaʃ | ospen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ospen ulmaʃ | ospen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ospo | it ospo |
| 3SG: | ospəʒo | ənʒe ospo |
| 1PL: | (ospena) | (ona/ogəna ospo) |
| 2PL: | ospəza | ida ospo |
| 3PL: | ospəʃt | ənəʃt ospo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospənem | ənem ospo |
| 2SG: | ospənet | ənet ospo |
| 3SG: | ospəneʒe | əneʒ ospo |
| 1PL: | ospənena | ənena ospo |
| 2PL: | ospəneda | əneda ospo |
| 3PL: | ospəneʃt | əneʃt ospo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ospənem əʎe | ənem ospo əʎe |
| 2SG: | ospənena əʎe | ənet ospo əʎe |
| 3SG: | ospəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ospo əʎe |
| 1PL: | ospənena əʎe | ənena ospo əʎe |
| 2PL: | ospəneda əʎe | əneda ospo əʎe |
| 3PL: | ospəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ospo əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ospənet ulmaʃ | ənet ospo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ospəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ospo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ospəneda ulmaʃ | əneda ospo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ospəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ospo ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ospaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ospəman |
| Active participle: | ospəʃo |
| Passive participle: | ospəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ospəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ospədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ospen |
| Negative gerund: | ospəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ospəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ospəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ospəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ospəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ospədəmaʃ |
