Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopam | om potop |
| 2SG: | potopat | ot potop |
| 3SG: | potopeš | ok/ogeš potop |
| 1PL: | potopə̑na | ona/ogə̑na potop |
| 2PL: | potopə̑da | oda/ogə̑da potop |
| 3PL: | potopə̑t | ogə̑t potop |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopə̑m | šə̑m potop |
| 2SG: | potopə̑č́ | šə̑č́ potop |
| 3SG: | potopo | ə̑š potop |
| 1PL: | potopna | ə̑šna potop |
| 2PL: | potopda | ə̑šda potop |
| 3PL: | potopə̑č́ | ə̑št potop |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopə̑nam | potopə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | potopə̑nat | potopə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | potopə̑n | potopə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | potopə̑nna | potopə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | potopə̑nda | potopə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | potopə̑nə̑t | potopə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopam ə̑l'e | om potop ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | potopat ə̑l'e | ot potop ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | potopeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš potop ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | potopə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na potop ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | potopə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da potop ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | potopə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t potop ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopam ulmaš | om potop ulmaš |
| 2SG: | potopat ulmaš | ot potop ulmaš |
| 3SG: | potopeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš potop ulmaš |
| 1PL: | potopə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na potop ulmaš |
| 2PL: | potopə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da potop ulmaš |
| 3PL: | potopə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t potop ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopə̑nam ə̑l'e | potopə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | potopə̑nat ə̑l'e | potopə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | potopə̑n ə̑l'e | potopə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | potopə̑nna ə̑l'e | potopə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | potopə̑nda ə̑l'e | potopə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | potopə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | potopə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopə̑nam ulmaš | potopə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | potopə̑nat ulmaš | potopə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | potopə̑n ulmaš | potopə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | potopə̑nna ulmaš | potopə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | potopə̑nda ulmaš | potopə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | potopə̑nə̑t ulmaš | potopə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | potop | it potop |
| 3SG: | potopšo | ə̑nže potop |
| 1PL: | (potopə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na potop) |
| 2PL: | potopsa | ida potop |
| 3PL: | potopə̑št | ə̑nə̑št potop |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopnem | ə̑nem potop |
| 2SG: | potopnet | ə̑net potop |
| 3SG: | potopneže | ə̑než potop |
| 1PL: | potopnena | ə̑nena potop |
| 2PL: | potopneda | ə̑neda potop |
| 3PL: | potopnešt | ə̑nešt potop |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | potopnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem potop ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | potopnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net potop ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | potopneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než potop ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | potopnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena potop ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | potopneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda potop ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | potopnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt potop ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | potopnet ulmaš | ə̑net potop ulmaš |
| 3SG: | potopneže ulmaš | ə̑než potop ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | potopneda ulmaš | ə̑neda potop ulmaš |
| 3PL: | potopnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt potop ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | potopaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | potopman |
| Active participle: | potopšo |
| Passive participle: | potopmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | potopšaš |
| Negative participle: | potopdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | potopə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | potopde |
| Gerund of prior action: | potopmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | potopmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | potopšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | potopmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | potopdə̑maš |
