Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almem | om punč́alme |
| 2SG: | punč́almet | ot punč́alme |
| 3SG: | punč́alma | ok/ogeš punč́alme |
| 1PL: | punč́almena | ona/ogə̑na punč́alme |
| 2PL: | punč́almeda | oda/ogə̑da punč́alme |
| 3PL: | punč́almat | ogə̑t punč́alme |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almə̑šə̑m | šə̑m punč́alme |
| 2SG: | punč́almə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ punč́alme |
| 3SG: | punč́almə̑š | ə̑š punč́alme |
| 1PL: | punč́almə̑šna | ə̑šna punč́alme |
| 2PL: | punč́almə̑šda | ə̑šda punč́alme |
| 3PL: | punč́almə̑št | ə̑št punč́alme |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almenam | punč́almen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | punč́almenat | punč́almen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | punč́almen | punč́almen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | punč́almenna | punč́almen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | punč́almenda | punč́almen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | punč́almenə̑t | punč́almen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almem ə̑l'e | om punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | punč́almet ə̑l'e | ot punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | punč́alma ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | punč́almena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | punč́almeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | punč́almat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t punč́alme ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almem ulmaš | om punč́alme ulmaš |
| 2SG: | punč́almet ulmaš | ot punč́alme ulmaš |
| 3SG: | punč́alma ulmaš | ok/ogeš punč́alme ulmaš |
| 1PL: | punč́almena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na punč́alme ulmaš |
| 2PL: | punč́almeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da punč́alme ulmaš |
| 3PL: | punč́almat ulmaš | ogə̑t punč́alme ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almenam ə̑l'e | punč́almen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | punč́almenat ə̑l'e | punč́almen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | punč́almen ə̑l'e | punč́almen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | punč́almenna ə̑l'e | punč́almen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | punč́almenda ə̑l'e | punč́almen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | punč́almen ə̑l'e | punč́almen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almenam ulmaš | punč́almen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | punč́almenat ulmaš | punč́almen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | punč́almen ulmaš | punč́almen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | punč́almenna ulmaš | punč́almen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | punč́almenda ulmaš | punč́almen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | punč́almen ulmaš | punč́almen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | punč́alme | it punč́alme |
| 3SG: | punč́almə̑že | ə̑nže punč́alme |
| 1PL: | (punč́almena) | (ona/ogə̑na punč́alme) |
| 2PL: | punč́almə̑za | ida punč́alme |
| 3PL: | punč́almə̑št | ə̑nə̑št punč́alme |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almə̑nem | ə̑nem punč́alme |
| 2SG: | punč́almə̑net | ə̑net punč́alme |
| 3SG: | punč́almə̑neže | ə̑než punč́alme |
| 1PL: | punč́almə̑nena | ə̑nena punč́alme |
| 2PL: | punč́almə̑neda | ə̑neda punč́alme |
| 3PL: | punč́almə̑nešt | ə̑nešt punč́alme |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | punč́almə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | punč́almə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | punč́almə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | punč́almə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | punč́almə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda punč́alme ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | punč́almə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt punč́alme ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | punč́almə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net punč́alme ulmaš |
| 3SG: | punč́almə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než punč́alme ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | punč́almə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda punč́alme ulmaš |
| 3PL: | punč́almə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt punč́alme ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | punč́almaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | punč́almə̑man |
| Active participle: | punč́almə̑še |
| Passive participle: | punč́almə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | punč́almə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | punč́almə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | punč́almen |
| Negative gerund: | punč́almə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | punč́almə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | punč́almə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | punč́almə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | punč́almə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | punč́almə̑də̑maš |
