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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | pundəʃ |
Genitive: | pundəʃən |
Dative: | pundəʃlan |
Accusative: | pundəʃəm |
Comparative: | pundəʃla |
Comitative: | pundəʃge |
Inessive: | pundəʃto, pundəʃəʃto |
Illative: | pundəʃko, pundəʃəʃ(ko) |
Lative: | pundəʃeʃ |
1SG: | pundəʃem |
2SG: | pundəʃet |
3SG: | pundəʃːo, pundəʃəʒ(o) |
1PL: | pundəʃna |
2PL: | pundəʃda |
3PL: | pundəʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | pundəʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | pundəʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | pundəʃla |
Sociative Plural: | pundəʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | pundəʃem | pundəʃ-βlak | pundəʃ-βlakem, pundəʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | pundəʃemən | pundəʃ-βlakən | pundəʃ-βlakemən, pundəʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | pundəʃemlan, pundəʃlanem | pundəʃ-βlaklan | pundəʃ-βlakemlan, pundəʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | pundəʃeməm | pundəʃ-βlakəm | pundəʃ-βlakeməm, pundəʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | pundəʃemla, pundəʃlam | pundəʃ-βlakla | pundəʃ-βlakemla, pundəʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | pundəʃemge | pundəʃ-βlakge | pundəʃ-βlakemge, pundəʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | pundəʃtem, pundəʃəʃtem | pundəʃ-βlakəʃte | pundəʃ-βlakəʃtem, pundəʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | pundəʃkem, pundəʃəʃkem | pundəʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | pundəʃ-βlakəʃkem, pundəʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | pundəʃeʃem | pundəʃ-βlakeʃ | pundəʃ-βlakeʃem, pundəʃem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |