Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentam | om referent |
| 2SG: | referentat | ot referent |
| 3SG: | referenteš | ok/ogeš referent |
| 1PL: | referentə̑na | ona/ogə̑na referent |
| 2PL: | referentə̑da | oda/ogə̑da referent |
| 3PL: | referentə̑t | ogə̑t referent |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentə̑m | šə̑m referent |
| 2SG: | referentə̑č́ | šə̑č́ referent |
| 3SG: | referente | ə̑š referent |
| 1PL: | referentna | ə̑šna referent |
| 2PL: | referentda | ə̑šda referent |
| 3PL: | referentə̑č́ | ə̑št referent |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentə̑nam | referentə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | referentə̑nat | referentə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | referentə̑n | referentə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | referentə̑nna | referentə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | referentə̑nda | referentə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | referentə̑nə̑t | referentə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentam ə̑l'e | om referent ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | referentat ə̑l'e | ot referent ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | referenteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš referent ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | referentə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na referent ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | referentə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da referent ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | referentə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t referent ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentam ulmaš | om referent ulmaš |
| 2SG: | referentat ulmaš | ot referent ulmaš |
| 3SG: | referenteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš referent ulmaš |
| 1PL: | referentə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na referent ulmaš |
| 2PL: | referentə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da referent ulmaš |
| 3PL: | referentə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t referent ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentə̑nam ə̑l'e | referentə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | referentə̑nat ə̑l'e | referentə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | referentə̑n ə̑l'e | referentə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | referentə̑nna ə̑l'e | referentə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | referentə̑nda ə̑l'e | referentə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | referentə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | referentə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentə̑nam ulmaš | referentə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | referentə̑nat ulmaš | referentə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | referentə̑n ulmaš | referentə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | referentə̑nna ulmaš | referentə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | referentə̑nda ulmaš | referentə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | referentə̑nə̑t ulmaš | referentə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | referent | it referent |
| 3SG: | referentše | ə̑nže referent |
| 1PL: | (referentə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na referent) |
| 2PL: | referentsa | ida referent |
| 3PL: | referentə̑št | ə̑nə̑št referent |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentnem | ə̑nem referent |
| 2SG: | referentnet | ə̑net referent |
| 3SG: | referentneže | ə̑než referent |
| 1PL: | referentnena | ə̑nena referent |
| 2PL: | referentneda | ə̑neda referent |
| 3PL: | referentnešt | ə̑nešt referent |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | referentnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem referent ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | referentnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net referent ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | referentneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než referent ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | referentnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena referent ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | referentneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda referent ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | referentnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt referent ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | referentnet ulmaš | ə̑net referent ulmaš |
| 3SG: | referentneže ulmaš | ə̑než referent ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | referentneda ulmaš | ə̑neda referent ulmaš |
| 3PL: | referentnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt referent ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | referentaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | referentman |
| Active participle: | referentše |
| Passive participle: | referentme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | referentšaš |
| Negative participle: | referentdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | referentə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | referentde |
| Gerund of prior action: | referentmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | referentmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | referentšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | referentmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | referentdə̑maš |
