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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | rušta |
Genitive: | ruštan |
Dative: | ruštalan |
Accusative: | ruštam |
Comparative: | ruštala |
Comitative: | ruštage |
Inessive: | ruštašte |
Illative: | ruštaš(ke) |
Lative: | ruštaš |
1SG: | ruštam |
2SG: | ruštat |
3SG: | ruštaž(e) |
1PL: | ruštana |
2PL: | ruštada |
3PL: | ruštašt |
Plural (1): | rušta-βlak |
Plural (2): | rušta-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | ruštala |
Sociative Plural: | ruštamə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | ruštam | rušta-βlak | rušta-βlakem, ruštam-βlak |
Genitive: | ruštamə̑n | rušta-βlakə̑n | rušta-βlakemə̑n, ruštam-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | ruštamlan, ruštalanem | rušta-βlaklan | rušta-βlakemlan, ruštam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | ruštamə̑m | rušta-βlakə̑m | rušta-βlakemə̑m, ruštam-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | ruštamla, ruštalam | rušta-βlakla | rušta-βlakemla, ruštam-βlakla |
Comitative: | ruštamge | rušta-βlakge | rušta-βlakemge, ruštam-βlakge |
Inessive: | ruštaštem | rušta-βlakə̑šte | rušta-βlakə̑štem, ruštam-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | ruštaškem | rušta-βlakə̑š(ke) | rušta-βlakə̑škem, ruštam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | ruštašem | rušta-βlakeš | rušta-βlakešem, ruštam-βlakeš |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |