Paradigm Generator

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Paradigm Generator

Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.

Indicative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kem	om ruč́ko
2SG:	ruč́ket	ot ruč́ko
3SG:	ruč́ka	ok/ogeš ruč́ko
1PL:	ruč́kena	ona/ogə̑na ruč́ko
2PL:	ruč́keda	oda/ogə̑da ruč́ko
3PL:	ruč́kat	ogə̑t ruč́ko

Indicative Simple Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kə̑šə̑m	šə̑m ruč́ko
2SG:	ruč́kə̑šə̑č́	šə̑č́ ruč́ko
3SG:	ruč́kə̑š	ə̑š ruč́ko
1PL:	ruč́kə̑šna	ə̑šna ruč́ko
2PL:	ruč́kə̑šda	ə̑šda ruč́ko
3PL:	ruč́kə̑št	ə̑št ruč́ko

Indicative Simple Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kenam	ruč́ken omə̑l
2SG:	ruč́kenat	ruč́ken otə̑l
3SG:	ruč́ken	ruč́ken ogə̑l
1PL:	ruč́kenna	ruč́ken onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:	ruč́kenda	ruč́ken odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:	ruč́kenə̑t	ruč́ken ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kem ə̑l'e	om ruč́ko ə̑l'e
2SG:	ruč́ket ə̑l'e	ot ruč́ko ə̑l'e
3SG:	ruč́ka ə̑l'e	ok/ogeš ruč́ko ə̑l'e
1PL:	ruč́kena ə̑l'e	ona/ogə̑na ruč́ko ə̑l'e
2PL:	ruč́keda ə̑l'e	oda/ogə̑da ruč́ko ə̑l'e
3PL:	ruč́kat ə̑l'e	ogə̑t ruč́ko ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kem ulmaš	om ruč́ko ulmaš
2SG:	ruč́ket ulmaš	ot ruč́ko ulmaš
3SG:	ruč́ka ulmaš	ok/ogeš ruč́ko ulmaš
1PL:	ruč́kena ulmaš	ona/ogə̑na ruč́ko ulmaš
2PL:	ruč́keda ulmaš	oda/ogə̑da ruč́ko ulmaš
3PL:	ruč́kat ulmaš	ogə̑t ruč́ko ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kenam ə̑l'e	ruč́ken omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:	ruč́kenat ə̑l'e	ruč́ken otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:	ruč́ken ə̑l'e	ruč́ken ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:	ruč́kenna ə̑l'e	ruč́ken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:	ruč́kenda ə̑l'e	ruč́ken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:	ruč́ken ə̑l'e	ruč́ken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kenam ulmaš	ruč́ken omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:	ruč́kenat ulmaš	ruč́ken otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:	ruč́ken ulmaš	ruč́ken ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:	ruč́kenna ulmaš	ruč́ken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:	ruč́kenda ulmaš	ruč́ken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:	ruč́ken ulmaš	ruč́ken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	ruč́ko	it ruč́ko
3SG:	ruč́kə̑žo	ə̑nže ruč́ko
1PL:	(ruč́kena)	(ona/ogə̑na ruč́ko)
2PL:	ruč́kə̑za	ida ruč́ko
3PL:	ruč́kə̑št	ə̑nə̑št ruč́ko

Desiderative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kə̑nem	ə̑nem ruč́ko
2SG:	ruč́kə̑net	ə̑net ruč́ko
3SG:	ruč́kə̑neže	ə̑než ruč́ko
1PL:	ruč́kə̑nena	ə̑nena ruč́ko
2PL:	ruč́kə̑neda	ə̑neda ruč́ko
3PL:	ruč́kə̑nešt	ə̑nešt ruč́ko

Desiderative Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	ruč́kə̑nem ə̑l'e	ə̑nem ruč́ko ə̑l'e
2SG:	ruč́kə̑nena ə̑l'e	ə̑net ruč́ko ə̑l'e
3SG:	ruč́kə̑neže ə̑l'e	ə̑než ruč́ko ə̑l'e
1PL:	ruč́kə̑nena ə̑l'e	ə̑nena ruč́ko ə̑l'e
2PL:	ruč́kə̑neda ə̑l'e	ə̑neda ruč́ko ə̑l'e
3PL:	ruč́kə̑nešt ə̑l'e	ə̑nešt ruč́ko ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	ruč́kə̑net ulmaš	ə̑net ruč́ko ulmaš
3SG:	ruč́kə̑neže ulmaš	ə̑než ruč́ko ulmaš
1PL:	/	/
2PL:	ruč́kə̑neda ulmaš	ə̑neda ruč́ko ulmaš
3PL:	ruč́kə̑nešt ulmaš	ə̑nešt ruč́ko ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:	ruč́kaš
Necessitive infinitive:	ruč́kə̑man
Active participle:	ruč́kə̑šo
Passive participle:	ruč́kə̑mo
Future-necessitive participle:	ruč́kə̑šaš
Negative participle:	ruč́kə̑də̑mo
Affirmative instructive gerund:	ruč́ken
Negative gerund:	ruč́kə̑de
Gerund of prior action:	ruč́kə̑mek(e)
Gerund of future action:	ruč́kə̑meš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:	ruč́kə̑šə̑la
Nominalization:	ruč́kə̑maš
Negative nominalization:	ruč́kə̑də̑maš


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Last update: 10 August 2023

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Conjugation class:	● Determine from input	○ First	○ Second
Orthography:	○ Cyrillic	● UPA	○ IPA