Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβnikam | om sadoβnik |
| 2SG: | sadoβnikat | ot sadoβnik |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikeš | ok/ogeš sadoβnik |
| 1PL: | sadoβnikə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sadoβnik |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sadoβnik |
| 3PL: | sadoβnikə̑t | ogə̑t sadoβnik |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβnikə̑m | šə̑m sadoβnik |
| 2SG: | sadoβnikə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sadoβnik |
| 3SG: | sadoβnike | ə̑š sadoβnik |
| 1PL: | sadoβnikna | ə̑šna sadoβnik |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikda | ə̑šda sadoβnik |
| 3PL: | sadoβnikə̑č́ | ə̑št sadoβnik |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβnikə̑nam | sadoβnikə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sadoβnikə̑nat | sadoβnikə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikə̑n | sadoβnikə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sadoβnikə̑nna | sadoβnikə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikə̑nda | sadoβnikə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sadoβnikə̑nə̑t | sadoβnikə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβnikam ə̑l'e | om sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sadoβnikat ə̑l'e | ot sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sadoβnikə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sadoβnikə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβnikam ulmaš | om sadoβnik ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sadoβnikat ulmaš | ot sadoβnik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sadoβnik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sadoβnikə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sadoβnik ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sadoβnik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sadoβnikə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sadoβnik ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβnikə̑nam ə̑l'e | sadoβnikə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sadoβnikə̑nat ə̑l'e | sadoβnikə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikə̑n ə̑l'e | sadoβnikə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sadoβnikə̑nna ə̑l'e | sadoβnikə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikə̑nda ə̑l'e | sadoβnikə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sadoβnikə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sadoβnikə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβnikə̑nam ulmaš | sadoβnikə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sadoβnikə̑nat ulmaš | sadoβnikə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikə̑n ulmaš | sadoβnikə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sadoβnikə̑nna ulmaš | sadoβnikə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikə̑nda ulmaš | sadoβnikə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sadoβnikə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sadoβnikə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sadoβnik | it sadoβnik |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikše | ə̑nže sadoβnik |
| 1PL: | (sadoβnikə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sadoβnik) |
| 2PL: | sadoβniksa | ida sadoβnik |
| 3PL: | sadoβnikə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sadoβnik |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβniknem | ə̑nem sadoβnik |
| 2SG: | sadoβniknet | ə̑net sadoβnik |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikneže | ə̑než sadoβnik |
| 1PL: | sadoβniknena | ə̑nena sadoβnik |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikneda | ə̑neda sadoβnik |
| 3PL: | sadoβniknešt | ə̑nešt sadoβnik |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sadoβniknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sadoβniknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sadoβniknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sadoβniknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sadoβnik ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sadoβniknet ulmaš | ə̑net sadoβnik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sadoβnikneže ulmaš | ə̑než sadoβnik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sadoβnikneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sadoβnik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sadoβniknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sadoβnik ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sadoβnikaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sadoβnikman |
| Active participle: | sadoβnikše |
| Passive participle: | sadoβnikme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sadoβnikšaš |
| Negative participle: | sadoβnikdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sadoβnikə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | sadoβnikde |
| Gerund of prior action: | sadoβnikmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sadoβnikmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sadoβnikšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sadoβnikmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | sadoβnikdə̑maš |
