Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltam | om sakalt |
2SG: | sakaltat | ot sakalt |
3SG: | sakalteš | ok/ogeš sakalt |
1PL: | sakaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sakalt |
2PL: | sakaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sakalt |
3PL: | sakaltə̑t | ogə̑t sakalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltə̑m | šə̑m sakalt |
2SG: | sakaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sakalt |
3SG: | sakalte | ə̑š sakalt |
1PL: | sakaltna | ə̑šna sakalt |
2PL: | sakaltda | ə̑šda sakalt |
3PL: | sakaltə̑č́ | ə̑št sakalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltə̑nam | sakaltə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | sakaltə̑nat | sakaltə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | sakaltə̑n | sakaltə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | sakaltə̑nna | sakaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | sakaltə̑nda | sakaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | sakaltə̑nə̑t | sakaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltam ə̑l'e | om sakalt ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakaltat ə̑l'e | ot sakalt ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sakalt ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sakalt ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sakalt ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sakalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltam ulmaš | om sakalt ulmaš |
2SG: | sakaltat ulmaš | ot sakalt ulmaš |
3SG: | sakalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sakalt ulmaš |
1PL: | sakaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sakalt ulmaš |
2PL: | sakaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sakalt ulmaš |
3PL: | sakaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sakalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | sakaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | sakaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakaltə̑n ə̑l'e | sakaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | sakaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | sakaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sakaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltə̑nam ulmaš | sakaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | sakaltə̑nat ulmaš | sakaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | sakaltə̑n ulmaš | sakaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | sakaltə̑nna ulmaš | sakaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | sakaltə̑nda ulmaš | sakaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | sakaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sakaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sakalt | it sakalt |
3SG: | sakaltše | ə̑nže sakalt |
1PL: | (sakaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sakalt) |
2PL: | sakaltsa | ida sakalt |
3PL: | sakaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sakalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltnem | ə̑nem sakalt |
2SG: | sakaltnet | ə̑net sakalt |
3SG: | sakaltneže | ə̑než sakalt |
1PL: | sakaltnena | ə̑nena sakalt |
2PL: | sakaltneda | ə̑neda sakalt |
3PL: | sakaltnešt | ə̑nešt sakalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sakaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sakalt ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sakaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sakalt ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sakaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sakalt ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sakaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sakalt ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sakaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sakalt ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sakaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sakalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sakaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net sakalt ulmaš |
3SG: | sakaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než sakalt ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | sakaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sakalt ulmaš |
3PL: | sakaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sakalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | sakaltaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | sakaltman |
Active participle: | sakaltše |
Passive participle: | sakaltme |
Future-necessitive participle: | sakaltšaš |
Negative participle: | sakaltdə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | sakaltə̑n |
Negative gerund: | sakaltde |
Gerund of prior action: | sakaltmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | sakaltmeš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | sakaltšə̑la |
Nominalization: | sakaltmaš |
Negative nominalization: | sakaltdə̑maš |