Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambaram | om sambar |
| 2SG: | sambarat | ot sambar |
| 3SG: | sambareš | ok/ogeš sambar |
| 1PL: | sambarə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sambar |
| 2PL: | sambarə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sambar |
| 3PL: | sambarə̑t | ogə̑t sambar |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambarə̑m | šə̑m sambar |
| 2SG: | sambarə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sambar |
| 3SG: | sambare | ə̑š sambar |
| 1PL: | sambarna | ə̑šna sambar |
| 2PL: | sambarda | ə̑šda sambar |
| 3PL: | sambarə̑č́ | ə̑št sambar |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambarə̑nam | sambarə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sambarə̑nat | sambarə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sambarə̑n | sambarə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sambarə̑nna | sambarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sambarə̑nda | sambarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sambarə̑nə̑t | sambarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambaram ə̑l'e | om sambar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sambarat ə̑l'e | ot sambar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sambareš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sambar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sambarə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sambar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sambarə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sambar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sambarə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sambar ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambaram ulmaš | om sambar ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sambarat ulmaš | ot sambar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sambareš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sambar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sambarə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sambar ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sambarə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sambar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sambarə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sambar ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambarə̑nam ə̑l'e | sambarə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sambarə̑nat ə̑l'e | sambarə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sambarə̑n ə̑l'e | sambarə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sambarə̑nna ə̑l'e | sambarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sambarə̑nda ə̑l'e | sambarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sambarə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sambarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambarə̑nam ulmaš | sambarə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sambarə̑nat ulmaš | sambarə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sambarə̑n ulmaš | sambarə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sambarə̑nna ulmaš | sambarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sambarə̑nda ulmaš | sambarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sambarə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sambarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sambar | it sambar |
| 3SG: | sambarže | ə̑nže sambar |
| 1PL: | (sambarə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sambar) |
| 2PL: | sambarza | ida sambar |
| 3PL: | sambarə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sambar |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambarnem | ə̑nem sambar |
| 2SG: | sambarnet | ə̑net sambar |
| 3SG: | sambarneže | ə̑než sambar |
| 1PL: | sambarnena | ə̑nena sambar |
| 2PL: | sambarneda | ə̑neda sambar |
| 3PL: | sambarnešt | ə̑nešt sambar |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sambarnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sambar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sambarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sambar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sambarneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sambar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sambarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sambar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sambarneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sambar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sambarnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sambar ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sambarnet ulmaš | ə̑net sambar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sambarneže ulmaš | ə̑než sambar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sambarneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sambar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sambarnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sambar ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sambaraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sambarman |
| Active participle: | sambarše |
| Passive participle: | sambarme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sambaršaš |
| Negative participle: | sambardə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sambarə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | sambarde |
| Gerund of prior action: | sambarmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sambarmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sambaršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sambarmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | sambardə̑maš |
