Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandam | om sanda |
| 2SG: | sandat | ot sanda |
| 3SG: | sandaš | ok/ogeš sanda |
| 1PL: | sandaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sanda |
| 2PL: | sandaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sanda |
| 3PL: | sandaə̑t | ogə̑t sanda |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandaə̑m | šə̑m sanda |
| 2SG: | sandaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sanda |
| 3SG: | sandaje | ə̑š sanda |
| 1PL: | sandana | ə̑šna sanda |
| 2PL: | sandada | ə̑šda sanda |
| 3PL: | sandaə̑č́ | ə̑št sanda |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandaə̑nam | sandaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sandaə̑nat | sandaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sandaə̑n | sandaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sandaə̑nna | sandaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sandaə̑nda | sandaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sandaə̑nə̑t | sandaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandam ə̑l'e | om sanda ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sandat ə̑l'e | ot sanda ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sandaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sanda ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sandaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sanda ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sandaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sanda ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sandaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sanda ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandam ulmaš | om sanda ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sandat ulmaš | ot sanda ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sandaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sanda ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sandaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sanda ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sandaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sanda ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sandaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sanda ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandaə̑nam ə̑l'e | sandaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sandaə̑nat ə̑l'e | sandaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sandaə̑n ə̑l'e | sandaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sandaə̑nna ə̑l'e | sandaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sandaə̑nda ə̑l'e | sandaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sandaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sandaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandaə̑nam ulmaš | sandaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sandaə̑nat ulmaš | sandaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sandaə̑n ulmaš | sandaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sandaə̑nna ulmaš | sandaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sandaə̑nda ulmaš | sandaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sandaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sandaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sanda | it sanda |
| 3SG: | sandaže | ə̑nže sanda |
| 1PL: | (sandaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sanda) |
| 2PL: | sandaza | ida sanda |
| 3PL: | sandašt | ə̑nə̑št sanda |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandanem | ə̑nem sanda |
| 2SG: | sandanet | ə̑net sanda |
| 3SG: | sandaneže | ə̑než sanda |
| 1PL: | sandanena | ə̑nena sanda |
| 2PL: | sandaneda | ə̑neda sanda |
| 3PL: | sandanešt | ə̑nešt sanda |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sandanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sanda ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sandanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sanda ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sandaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sanda ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sandanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sanda ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sandaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sanda ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sandanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sanda ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sandanet ulmaš | ə̑net sanda ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sandaneže ulmaš | ə̑než sanda ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sandaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sanda ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sandanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sanda ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sandaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sandaman |
| Active participle: | sandaše |
| Passive participle: | sandame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sandašaš |
| Negative participle: | sandadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sandaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | sandade |
| Gerund of prior action: | sandamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sandameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sandašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sandamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | sandadə̑maš |
