Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šanam | om sapnaltə̑šan |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šanat | ot sapnaltə̑šan |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šaneš | ok/ogeš sapnaltə̑šan |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sapnaltə̑šan |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sapnaltə̑šan |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑t | ogə̑t sapnaltə̑šan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šańə̑m | šə̑m sapnaltə̑šan |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sapnaltə̑šan |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šańe | ə̑š sapnaltə̑šan |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šanna | ə̑šna sapnaltə̑šan |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanda | ə̑šda sapnaltə̑šan |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šańə̑č́ | ə̑št sapnaltə̑šan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nam | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nat | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nna | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nda | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nə̑t | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šanam ə̑l'e | om sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šanat ə̑l'e | ot sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šanam ulmaš | om sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šanat ulmaš | ot sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nam ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nat ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nna ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nda ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nam ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nat ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nna ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nda ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šan | it sapnaltə̑šan |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šanže | ə̑nže sapnaltə̑šan |
1PL: | (sapnaltə̑šanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sapnaltə̑šan) |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanza | ida sapnaltə̑šan |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sapnaltə̑šan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šannem | ə̑nem sapnaltə̑šan |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šannet | ə̑net sapnaltə̑šan |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šanneže | ə̑než sapnaltə̑šan |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šannena | ə̑nena sapnaltə̑šan |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanneda | ə̑neda sapnaltə̑šan |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šannešt | ə̑nešt sapnaltə̑šan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | sapnaltə̑šannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
1PL: | sapnaltə̑šannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sapnaltə̑šan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | sapnaltə̑šannet ulmaš | ə̑net sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
3SG: | sapnaltə̑šanneže ulmaš | ə̑než sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | sapnaltə̑šanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
3PL: | sapnaltə̑šannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sapnaltə̑šan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | sapnaltə̑šanaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | sapnaltə̑šanman |
Active participle: | sapnaltə̑šanše |
Passive participle: | sapnaltə̑šanme |
Future-necessitive participle: | sapnaltə̑šanšaš |
Negative participle: | sapnaltə̑šandə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | sapnaltə̑šanə̑n |
Negative gerund: | sapnaltə̑šande |
Gerund of prior action: | sapnaltə̑šanmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | sapnaltə̑šanmeš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | sapnaltə̑šanšə̑la |
Nominalization: | sapnaltə̑šanmaš |
Negative nominalization: | sapnaltə̑šandə̑maš |