Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šam | om sapnaltə̑š |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šat | ot sapnaltə̑š |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šeš | ok/ogeš sapnaltə̑š |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sapnaltə̑š |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sapnaltə̑š |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑t | ogə̑t sapnaltə̑š |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑m | šə̑m sapnaltə̑š |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sapnaltə̑š |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑še | ə̑š sapnaltə̑š |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šna | ə̑šna sapnaltə̑š |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šda | ə̑šda sapnaltə̑š |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑č́ | ə̑št sapnaltə̑š |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nam | sapnaltə̑šə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nat | sapnaltə̑šə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑n | sapnaltə̑šə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nna | sapnaltə̑šə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nda | sapnaltə̑šə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nə̑t | sapnaltə̑šə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šam ə̑l'e | om sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šat ə̑l'e | ot sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šam ulmaš | om sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šat ulmaš | ot sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nam ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nat ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑n ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nna ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nda ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sapnaltə̑šə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nam ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nat ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šə̑n ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nna ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nda ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sapnaltə̑šə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑š | it sapnaltə̑š |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šše | ə̑nže sapnaltə̑š |
| 1PL: | (sapnaltə̑šə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sapnaltə̑š) |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šsa | ida sapnaltə̑š |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sapnaltə̑š |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šnem | ə̑nem sapnaltə̑š |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šnet | ə̑net sapnaltə̑š |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šneže | ə̑než sapnaltə̑š |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šnena | ə̑nena sapnaltə̑š |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šneda | ə̑neda sapnaltə̑š |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šnešt | ə̑nešt sapnaltə̑š |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltə̑šnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sapnaltə̑šnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sapnaltə̑š ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sapnaltə̑šnet ulmaš | ə̑net sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sapnaltə̑šneže ulmaš | ə̑než sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sapnaltə̑šneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sapnaltə̑šnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sapnaltə̑š ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sapnaltə̑šaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sapnaltə̑šman |
| Active participle: | sapnaltə̑šše |
| Passive participle: | sapnaltə̑šme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sapnaltə̑ššaš |
| Negative participle: | sapnaltə̑šdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sapnaltə̑šə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | sapnaltə̑šde |
| Gerund of prior action: | sapnaltə̑šmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sapnaltə̑šmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sapnaltə̑ššə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sapnaltə̑šmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | sapnaltə̑šdə̑maš |
