Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'janam | om saf'jan |
| 2SG: | saf'janat | ot saf'jan |
| 3SG: | saf'janeš | ok/ogeš saf'jan |
| 1PL: | saf'janə̑na | ona/ogə̑na saf'jan |
| 2PL: | saf'janə̑da | oda/ogə̑da saf'jan |
| 3PL: | saf'janə̑t | ogə̑t saf'jan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'jańə̑m | šə̑m saf'jan |
| 2SG: | saf'jańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ saf'jan |
| 3SG: | saf'jańe | ə̑š saf'jan |
| 1PL: | saf'janna | ə̑šna saf'jan |
| 2PL: | saf'janda | ə̑šda saf'jan |
| 3PL: | saf'jańə̑č́ | ə̑št saf'jan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'janə̑nam | saf'janə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | saf'janə̑nat | saf'janə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | saf'janə̑n | saf'janə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | saf'janə̑nna | saf'janə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | saf'janə̑nda | saf'janə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | saf'janə̑nə̑t | saf'janə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'janam ə̑l'e | om saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saf'janat ə̑l'e | ot saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saf'janeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saf'janə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saf'janə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saf'janə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t saf'jan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'janam ulmaš | om saf'jan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saf'janat ulmaš | ot saf'jan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saf'janeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš saf'jan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saf'janə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na saf'jan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saf'janə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da saf'jan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saf'janə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t saf'jan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'janə̑nam ə̑l'e | saf'janə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saf'janə̑nat ə̑l'e | saf'janə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saf'janə̑n ə̑l'e | saf'janə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saf'janə̑nna ə̑l'e | saf'janə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saf'janə̑nda ə̑l'e | saf'janə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saf'janə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | saf'janə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'janə̑nam ulmaš | saf'janə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saf'janə̑nat ulmaš | saf'janə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saf'janə̑n ulmaš | saf'janə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saf'janə̑nna ulmaš | saf'janə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saf'janə̑nda ulmaš | saf'janə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saf'janə̑nə̑t ulmaš | saf'janə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saf'jan | it saf'jan |
| 3SG: | saf'janže | ə̑nže saf'jan |
| 1PL: | (saf'janə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na saf'jan) |
| 2PL: | saf'janza | ida saf'jan |
| 3PL: | saf'janə̑št | ə̑nə̑št saf'jan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'jannem | ə̑nem saf'jan |
| 2SG: | saf'jannet | ə̑net saf'jan |
| 3SG: | saf'janneže | ə̑než saf'jan |
| 1PL: | saf'jannena | ə̑nena saf'jan |
| 2PL: | saf'janneda | ə̑neda saf'jan |
| 3PL: | saf'jannešt | ə̑nešt saf'jan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saf'jannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saf'jannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saf'janneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saf'jannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saf'janneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda saf'jan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saf'jannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt saf'jan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saf'jannet ulmaš | ə̑net saf'jan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saf'janneže ulmaš | ə̑než saf'jan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | saf'janneda ulmaš | ə̑neda saf'jan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saf'jannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt saf'jan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | saf'janaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | saf'janman |
| Active participle: | saf'janše |
| Passive participle: | saf'janme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | saf'janšaš |
| Negative participle: | saf'jandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | saf'janə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | saf'jande |
| Gerund of prior action: | saf'janmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | saf'janmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | saf'janšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | saf'janmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | saf'jandə̑maš |
