Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑ram | om saβə̑r |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rat | ot saβə̑r |
| 3SG: | saβə̑reš | ok/ogeš saβə̑r |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rə̑na | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑r |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rə̑da | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑r |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rə̑t | ogə̑t saβə̑r |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rə̑m | šə̑m saβə̑r |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rə̑č́ | šə̑č́ saβə̑r |
| 3SG: | saβə̑re | ə̑š saβə̑r |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rna | ə̑šna saβə̑r |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rda | ə̑šda saβə̑r |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rə̑č́ | ə̑št saβə̑r |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rə̑nam | saβə̑rə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rə̑nat | saβə̑rə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rə̑n | saβə̑rə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rə̑nna | saβə̑rə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rə̑nda | saβə̑rə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rə̑nə̑t | saβə̑rə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑ram ə̑l'e | om saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rat ə̑l'e | ot saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβə̑reš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑ram ulmaš | om saβə̑r ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rat ulmaš | ot saβə̑r ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβə̑reš ulmaš | ok/ogeš saβə̑r ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na saβə̑r ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da saβə̑r ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t saβə̑r ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rə̑nam ə̑l'e | saβə̑rə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rə̑nat ə̑l'e | saβə̑rə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rə̑n ə̑l'e | saβə̑rə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rə̑nna ə̑l'e | saβə̑rə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rə̑nda ə̑l'e | saβə̑rə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | saβə̑rə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rə̑nam ulmaš | saβə̑rə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rə̑nat ulmaš | saβə̑rə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rə̑n ulmaš | saβə̑rə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rə̑nna ulmaš | saβə̑rə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rə̑nda ulmaš | saβə̑rə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rə̑nə̑t ulmaš | saβə̑rə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saβə̑r | it saβə̑r |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rže | ə̑nže saβə̑r |
| 1PL: | (saβə̑rə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na saβə̑r) |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rza | ida saβə̑r |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rə̑št | ə̑nə̑št saβə̑r |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnem | ə̑nem saβə̑r |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnet | ə̑net saβə̑r |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rneže | ə̑než saβə̑r |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnena | ə̑nena saβə̑r |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rneda | ə̑neda saβə̑r |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnešt | ə̑nešt saβə̑r |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | saβə̑rnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβə̑rnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt saβə̑r ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saβə̑rnet ulmaš | ə̑net saβə̑r ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβə̑rneže ulmaš | ə̑než saβə̑r ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | saβə̑rneda ulmaš | ə̑neda saβə̑r ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβə̑rnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt saβə̑r ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | saβə̑raš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | saβə̑rman |
| Active participle: | saβə̑rše |
| Passive participle: | saβə̑rme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | saβə̑ršaš |
| Negative participle: | saβə̑rdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | saβə̑rə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | saβə̑rde |
| Gerund of prior action: | saβə̑rmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | saβə̑rmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | saβə̑ršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | saβə̑rmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | saβə̑rdə̑maš |
