Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajam | om sβaj |
| 2SG: | sβajat | ot sβaj |
| 3SG: | sβaješ | ok/ogeš sβaj |
| 1PL: | sβajə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sβaj |
| 2PL: | sβajə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sβaj |
| 3PL: | sβajə̑t | ogə̑t sβaj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajə̑m | šə̑m sβaj |
| 2SG: | sβajə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sβaj |
| 3SG: | sβaje | ə̑š sβaj |
| 1PL: | sβajna | ə̑šna sβaj |
| 2PL: | sβajda | ə̑šda sβaj |
| 3PL: | sβajə̑č́ | ə̑št sβaj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajə̑nam | sβajə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sβajə̑nat | sβajə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sβajə̑n | sβajə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sβajə̑nna | sβajə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sβajə̑nda | sβajə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sβajə̑nə̑t | sβajə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajam ə̑l'e | om sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sβajat ə̑l'e | ot sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sβaješ ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sβajə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sβajə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sβajə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sβaj ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajam ulmaš | om sβaj ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sβajat ulmaš | ot sβaj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sβaješ ulmaš | ok/ogeš sβaj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sβajə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sβaj ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sβajə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sβaj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sβajə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sβaj ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajə̑nam ə̑l'e | sβajə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sβajə̑nat ə̑l'e | sβajə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sβajə̑n ə̑l'e | sβajə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sβajə̑nna ə̑l'e | sβajə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sβajə̑nda ə̑l'e | sβajə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sβajə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sβajə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajə̑nam ulmaš | sβajə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sβajə̑nat ulmaš | sβajə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sβajə̑n ulmaš | sβajə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sβajə̑nna ulmaš | sβajə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sβajə̑nda ulmaš | sβajə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sβajə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sβajə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sβaj | it sβaj |
| 3SG: | sβajže | ə̑nže sβaj |
| 1PL: | (sβajə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sβaj) |
| 2PL: | sβajza | ida sβaj |
| 3PL: | sβajə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sβaj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajnem | ə̑nem sβaj |
| 2SG: | sβajnet | ə̑net sβaj |
| 3SG: | sβajneže | ə̑než sβaj |
| 1PL: | sβajnena | ə̑nena sβaj |
| 2PL: | sβajneda | ə̑neda sβaj |
| 3PL: | sβajnešt | ə̑nešt sβaj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβajnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sβajnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sβajneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sβajnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sβajneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sβaj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sβajnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sβaj ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sβajnet ulmaš | ə̑net sβaj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sβajneže ulmaš | ə̑než sβaj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sβajneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sβaj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sβajnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sβaj ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sβajaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sβajman |
| Active participle: | sβajše |
| Passive participle: | sβajme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sβajšaš |
| Negative participle: | sβajdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sβajə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | sβajde |
| Gerund of prior action: | sβajmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sβajmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sβajšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sβajmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | sβajdə̑maš |
