Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkem | om sβodko |
| 2SG: | sβodket | ot sβodko |
| 3SG: | sβodka | ok/ogeš sβodko |
| 1PL: | sβodkena | ona/ogə̑na sβodko |
| 2PL: | sβodkeda | oda/ogə̑da sβodko |
| 3PL: | sβodkat | ogə̑t sβodko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkə̑šə̑m | šə̑m sβodko |
| 2SG: | sβodkə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sβodko |
| 3SG: | sβodkə̑š | ə̑š sβodko |
| 1PL: | sβodkə̑šna | ə̑šna sβodko |
| 2PL: | sβodkə̑šda | ə̑šda sβodko |
| 3PL: | sβodkə̑št | ə̑št sβodko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkenam | sβodken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sβodkenat | sβodken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sβodken | sβodken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sβodkenna | sβodken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sβodkenda | sβodken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sβodkenə̑t | sβodken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkem ə̑l'e | om sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sβodket ə̑l'e | ot sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sβodka ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sβodkena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sβodkeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sβodkat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sβodko ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkem ulmaš | om sβodko ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sβodket ulmaš | ot sβodko ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sβodka ulmaš | ok/ogeš sβodko ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sβodkena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sβodko ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sβodkeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sβodko ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sβodkat ulmaš | ogə̑t sβodko ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkenam ə̑l'e | sβodken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sβodkenat ə̑l'e | sβodken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sβodken ə̑l'e | sβodken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sβodkenna ə̑l'e | sβodken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sβodkenda ə̑l'e | sβodken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sβodken ə̑l'e | sβodken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkenam ulmaš | sβodken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sβodkenat ulmaš | sβodken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sβodken ulmaš | sβodken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sβodkenna ulmaš | sβodken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sβodkenda ulmaš | sβodken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sβodken ulmaš | sβodken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sβodko | it sβodko |
| 3SG: | sβodkə̑žo | ə̑nže sβodko |
| 1PL: | (sβodkena) | (ona/ogə̑na sβodko) |
| 2PL: | sβodkə̑za | ida sβodko |
| 3PL: | sβodkə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sβodko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkə̑nem | ə̑nem sβodko |
| 2SG: | sβodkə̑net | ə̑net sβodko |
| 3SG: | sβodkə̑neže | ə̑než sβodko |
| 1PL: | sβodkə̑nena | ə̑nena sβodko |
| 2PL: | sβodkə̑neda | ə̑neda sβodko |
| 3PL: | sβodkə̑nešt | ə̑nešt sβodko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sβodkə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sβodkə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sβodkə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sβodkə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sβodkə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sβodko ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sβodkə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sβodko ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sβodkə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net sβodko ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sβodkə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než sβodko ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sβodkə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda sβodko ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sβodkə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sβodko ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sβodkaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sβodkə̑man |
| Active participle: | sβodkə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | sβodkə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sβodkə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | sβodkə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sβodken |
| Negative gerund: | sβodkə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | sβodkə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sβodkə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sβodkə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sβodkə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | sβodkə̑də̑maš |
