Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seram | om sera |
| 2SG: | serat | ot sera |
| 3SG: | seraš | ok/ogeš sera |
| 1PL: | seraə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sera |
| 2PL: | seraə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sera |
| 3PL: | seraə̑t | ogə̑t sera |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seraə̑m | šə̑m sera |
| 2SG: | seraə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sera |
| 3SG: | seraje | ə̑š sera |
| 1PL: | serana | ə̑šna sera |
| 2PL: | serada | ə̑šda sera |
| 3PL: | seraə̑č́ | ə̑št sera |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seraə̑nam | seraə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | seraə̑nat | seraə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | seraə̑n | seraə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | seraə̑nna | seraə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | seraə̑nda | seraə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | seraə̑nə̑t | seraə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seram ə̑l'e | om sera ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | serat ə̑l'e | ot sera ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | seraš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sera ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | seraə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sera ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | seraə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sera ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | seraə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sera ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seram ulmaš | om sera ulmaš |
| 2SG: | serat ulmaš | ot sera ulmaš |
| 3SG: | seraš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sera ulmaš |
| 1PL: | seraə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sera ulmaš |
| 2PL: | seraə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sera ulmaš |
| 3PL: | seraə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sera ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seraə̑nam ə̑l'e | seraə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | seraə̑nat ə̑l'e | seraə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | seraə̑n ə̑l'e | seraə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | seraə̑nna ə̑l'e | seraə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | seraə̑nda ə̑l'e | seraə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | seraə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | seraə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seraə̑nam ulmaš | seraə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | seraə̑nat ulmaš | seraə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | seraə̑n ulmaš | seraə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | seraə̑nna ulmaš | seraə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | seraə̑nda ulmaš | seraə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | seraə̑nə̑t ulmaš | seraə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sera | it sera |
| 3SG: | seraže | ə̑nže sera |
| 1PL: | (seraə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sera) |
| 2PL: | seraza | ida sera |
| 3PL: | serašt | ə̑nə̑št sera |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seranem | ə̑nem sera |
| 2SG: | seranet | ə̑net sera |
| 3SG: | seraneže | ə̑než sera |
| 1PL: | seranena | ə̑nena sera |
| 2PL: | seraneda | ə̑neda sera |
| 3PL: | seranešt | ə̑nešt sera |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | seranem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sera ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | seranena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sera ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | seraneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sera ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | seranena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sera ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | seraneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sera ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | seranešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sera ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | seranet ulmaš | ə̑net sera ulmaš |
| 3SG: | seraneže ulmaš | ə̑než sera ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | seraneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sera ulmaš |
| 3PL: | seranešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sera ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | seraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | seraman |
| Active participle: | seraše |
| Passive participle: | serame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | serašaš |
| Negative participle: | seradə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | seraə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | serade |
| Gerund of prior action: | seramek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | serameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | serašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | seramaš |
| Negative nominalization: | seradə̑maš |
