Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandalam | om skandal |
| 2SG: | skandalat | ot skandal |
| 3SG: | skandaleš | ok/ogeš skandal |
| 1PL: | skandalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na skandal |
| 2PL: | skandalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da skandal |
| 3PL: | skandalə̑t | ogə̑t skandal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandal'ə̑m | šə̑m skandal |
| 2SG: | skandal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ skandal |
| 3SG: | skandal'e | ə̑š skandal |
| 1PL: | skandalna | ə̑šna skandal |
| 2PL: | skandalda | ə̑šda skandal |
| 3PL: | skandal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št skandal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandalə̑nam | skandalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | skandalə̑nat | skandalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | skandalə̑n | skandalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | skandalə̑nna | skandalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | skandalə̑nda | skandalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | skandalə̑nə̑t | skandalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandalam ə̑l'e | om skandal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | skandalat ə̑l'e | ot skandal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | skandaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš skandal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | skandalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na skandal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | skandalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da skandal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | skandalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t skandal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandalam ulmaš | om skandal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | skandalat ulmaš | ot skandal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | skandaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš skandal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | skandalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na skandal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | skandalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da skandal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | skandalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t skandal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandalə̑nam ə̑l'e | skandalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | skandalə̑nat ə̑l'e | skandalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | skandalə̑n ə̑l'e | skandalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | skandalə̑nna ə̑l'e | skandalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | skandalə̑nda ə̑l'e | skandalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | skandalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | skandalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandalə̑nam ulmaš | skandalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | skandalə̑nat ulmaš | skandalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | skandalə̑n ulmaš | skandalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | skandalə̑nna ulmaš | skandalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | skandalə̑nda ulmaš | skandalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | skandalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | skandalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | skandal | it skandal |
| 3SG: | skandalže | ə̑nže skandal |
| 1PL: | (skandalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na skandal) |
| 2PL: | skandalza | ida skandal |
| 3PL: | skandalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št skandal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandalnem | ə̑nem skandal |
| 2SG: | skandalnet | ə̑net skandal |
| 3SG: | skandalneže | ə̑než skandal |
| 1PL: | skandalnena | ə̑nena skandal |
| 2PL: | skandalneda | ə̑neda skandal |
| 3PL: | skandalnešt | ə̑nešt skandal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | skandalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem skandal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | skandalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net skandal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | skandalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než skandal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | skandalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena skandal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | skandalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda skandal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | skandalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt skandal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | skandalnet ulmaš | ə̑net skandal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | skandalneže ulmaš | ə̑než skandal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | skandalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda skandal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | skandalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt skandal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | skandalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | skandalman |
| Active participle: | skandalše |
| Passive participle: | skandalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | skandalšaš |
| Negative participle: | skandaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | skandalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | skandalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | skandalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | skandalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | skandalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | skandalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | skandaldə̑maš |
