Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmalam | om sonarmal |
| 2SG: | sonarmalat | ot sonarmal |
| 3SG: | sonarmaleš | ok/ogeš sonarmal |
| 1PL: | sonarmalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na sonarmal |
| 2PL: | sonarmalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da sonarmal |
| 3PL: | sonarmalə̑t | ogə̑t sonarmal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmal'ə̑m | šə̑m sonarmal |
| 2SG: | sonarmal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sonarmal |
| 3SG: | sonarmal'e | ə̑š sonarmal |
| 1PL: | sonarmalna | ə̑šna sonarmal |
| 2PL: | sonarmalda | ə̑šda sonarmal |
| 3PL: | sonarmal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št sonarmal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmalə̑nam | sonarmalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sonarmalə̑nat | sonarmalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sonarmalə̑n | sonarmalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sonarmalə̑nna | sonarmalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sonarmalə̑nda | sonarmalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sonarmalə̑nə̑t | sonarmalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmalam ə̑l'e | om sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sonarmalat ə̑l'e | ot sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sonarmaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sonarmalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sonarmalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sonarmalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sonarmal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmalam ulmaš | om sonarmal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sonarmalat ulmaš | ot sonarmal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sonarmaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš sonarmal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sonarmalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sonarmal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sonarmalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sonarmal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sonarmalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t sonarmal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmalə̑nam ə̑l'e | sonarmalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sonarmalə̑nat ə̑l'e | sonarmalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sonarmalə̑n ə̑l'e | sonarmalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sonarmalə̑nna ə̑l'e | sonarmalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sonarmalə̑nda ə̑l'e | sonarmalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sonarmalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sonarmalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmalə̑nam ulmaš | sonarmalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sonarmalə̑nat ulmaš | sonarmalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sonarmalə̑n ulmaš | sonarmalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sonarmalə̑nna ulmaš | sonarmalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sonarmalə̑nda ulmaš | sonarmalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sonarmalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sonarmalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sonarmal | it sonarmal |
| 3SG: | sonarmalže | ə̑nže sonarmal |
| 1PL: | (sonarmalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na sonarmal) |
| 2PL: | sonarmalza | ida sonarmal |
| 3PL: | sonarmalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sonarmal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmalnem | ə̑nem sonarmal |
| 2SG: | sonarmalnet | ə̑net sonarmal |
| 3SG: | sonarmalneže | ə̑než sonarmal |
| 1PL: | sonarmalnena | ə̑nena sonarmal |
| 2PL: | sonarmalneda | ə̑neda sonarmal |
| 3PL: | sonarmalnešt | ə̑nešt sonarmal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sonarmalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sonarmalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sonarmalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sonarmalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sonarmalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sonarmal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sonarmalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sonarmal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sonarmalnet ulmaš | ə̑net sonarmal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sonarmalneže ulmaš | ə̑než sonarmal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sonarmalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda sonarmal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sonarmalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sonarmal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sonarmalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sonarmalman |
| Active participle: | sonarmalše |
| Passive participle: | sonarmalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sonarmalšaš |
| Negative participle: | sonarmaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sonarmalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | sonarmalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | sonarmalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sonarmalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sonarmalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sonarmalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | sonarmaldə̑maš |
