Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasam | om spas |
| 2SG: | spasat | ot spas |
| 3SG: | spaseš | ok/ogeš spas |
| 1PL: | spasə̑na | ona/ogə̑na spas |
| 2PL: | spasə̑da | oda/ogə̑da spas |
| 3PL: | spasə̑t | ogə̑t spas |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasə̑m | šə̑m spas |
| 2SG: | spasə̑č́ | šə̑č́ spas |
| 3SG: | spase | ə̑š spas |
| 1PL: | spasna | ə̑šna spas |
| 2PL: | spasda | ə̑šda spas |
| 3PL: | spasə̑č́ | ə̑št spas |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasə̑nam | spasə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | spasə̑nat | spasə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | spasə̑n | spasə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | spasə̑nna | spasə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | spasə̑nda | spasə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | spasə̑nə̑t | spasə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasam ə̑l'e | om spas ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | spasat ə̑l'e | ot spas ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | spaseš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš spas ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | spasə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na spas ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | spasə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da spas ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | spasə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t spas ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasam ulmaš | om spas ulmaš |
| 2SG: | spasat ulmaš | ot spas ulmaš |
| 3SG: | spaseš ulmaš | ok/ogeš spas ulmaš |
| 1PL: | spasə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na spas ulmaš |
| 2PL: | spasə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da spas ulmaš |
| 3PL: | spasə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t spas ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasə̑nam ə̑l'e | spasə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | spasə̑nat ə̑l'e | spasə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | spasə̑n ə̑l'e | spasə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | spasə̑nna ə̑l'e | spasə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | spasə̑nda ə̑l'e | spasə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | spasə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | spasə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasə̑nam ulmaš | spasə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | spasə̑nat ulmaš | spasə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | spasə̑n ulmaš | spasə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | spasə̑nna ulmaš | spasə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | spasə̑nda ulmaš | spasə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | spasə̑nə̑t ulmaš | spasə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spas | it spas |
| 3SG: | spasše | ə̑nže spas |
| 1PL: | (spasə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na spas) |
| 2PL: | spassa | ida spas |
| 3PL: | spasə̑št | ə̑nə̑št spas |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasnem | ə̑nem spas |
| 2SG: | spasnet | ə̑net spas |
| 3SG: | spasneže | ə̑než spas |
| 1PL: | spasnena | ə̑nena spas |
| 2PL: | spasneda | ə̑neda spas |
| 3PL: | spasnešt | ə̑nešt spas |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spasnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem spas ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | spasnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net spas ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | spasneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než spas ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | spasnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena spas ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | spasneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda spas ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | spasnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt spas ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spasnet ulmaš | ə̑net spas ulmaš |
| 3SG: | spasneže ulmaš | ə̑než spas ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | spasneda ulmaš | ə̑neda spas ulmaš |
| 3PL: | spasnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt spas ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | spasaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | spasman |
| Active participle: | spasše |
| Passive participle: | spasme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | spasšaš |
| Negative participle: | spasdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | spasə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | spasde |
| Gerund of prior action: | spasmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | spasmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | spasšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | spasmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | spasdə̑maš |
