Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgem | om specβurgo |
| 2SG: | specβurget | ot specβurgo |
| 3SG: | specβurga | ok/ogeš specβurgo |
| 1PL: | specβurgena | ona/ogə̑na specβurgo |
| 2PL: | specβurgeda | oda/ogə̑da specβurgo |
| 3PL: | specβurgat | ogə̑t specβurgo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgə̑šə̑m | šə̑m specβurgo |
| 2SG: | specβurgə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ specβurgo |
| 3SG: | specβurgə̑š | ə̑š specβurgo |
| 1PL: | specβurgə̑šna | ə̑šna specβurgo |
| 2PL: | specβurgə̑šda | ə̑šda specβurgo |
| 3PL: | specβurgə̑št | ə̑št specβurgo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgenam | specβurgen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | specβurgenat | specβurgen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | specβurgen | specβurgen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | specβurgenna | specβurgen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | specβurgenda | specβurgen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | specβurgenə̑t | specβurgen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgem ə̑l'e | om specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | specβurget ə̑l'e | ot specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | specβurga ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | specβurgena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | specβurgeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | specβurgat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t specβurgo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgem ulmaš | om specβurgo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | specβurget ulmaš | ot specβurgo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | specβurga ulmaš | ok/ogeš specβurgo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | specβurgena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na specβurgo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | specβurgeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da specβurgo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | specβurgat ulmaš | ogə̑t specβurgo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgenam ə̑l'e | specβurgen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | specβurgenat ə̑l'e | specβurgen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | specβurgen ə̑l'e | specβurgen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | specβurgenna ə̑l'e | specβurgen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | specβurgenda ə̑l'e | specβurgen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | specβurgen ə̑l'e | specβurgen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgenam ulmaš | specβurgen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | specβurgenat ulmaš | specβurgen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | specβurgen ulmaš | specβurgen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | specβurgenna ulmaš | specβurgen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | specβurgenda ulmaš | specβurgen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | specβurgen ulmaš | specβurgen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | specβurgo | it specβurgo |
| 3SG: | specβurgə̑žo | ə̑nže specβurgo |
| 1PL: | (specβurgena) | (ona/ogə̑na specβurgo) |
| 2PL: | specβurgə̑za | ida specβurgo |
| 3PL: | specβurgə̑št | ə̑nə̑št specβurgo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgə̑nem | ə̑nem specβurgo |
| 2SG: | specβurgə̑net | ə̑net specβurgo |
| 3SG: | specβurgə̑neže | ə̑než specβurgo |
| 1PL: | specβurgə̑nena | ə̑nena specβurgo |
| 2PL: | specβurgə̑neda | ə̑neda specβurgo |
| 3PL: | specβurgə̑nešt | ə̑nešt specβurgo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | specβurgə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | specβurgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | specβurgə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | specβurgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | specβurgə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda specβurgo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | specβurgə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt specβurgo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | specβurgə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net specβurgo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | specβurgə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než specβurgo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | specβurgə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda specβurgo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | specβurgə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt specβurgo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | specβurgaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | specβurgə̑man |
| Active participle: | specβurgə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | specβurgə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | specβurgə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | specβurgə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | specβurgen |
| Negative gerund: | specβurgə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | specβurgə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | specβurgə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | specβurgə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | specβurgə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | specβurgə̑də̑maš |
