Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'am | om spiral' |
| 2SG: | spiral'at | ot spiral' |
| 3SG: | spiral'eš | ok/ogeš spiral' |
| 1PL: | spiral'ə̑na | ona/ogə̑na spiral' |
| 2PL: | spiral'ə̑da | oda/ogə̑da spiral' |
| 3PL: | spiral'ə̑t | ogə̑t spiral' |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'ə̑m | šə̑m spiral' |
| 2SG: | spiral'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ spiral' |
| 3SG: | spiral'e | ə̑š spiral' |
| 1PL: | spiral'na | ə̑šna spiral' |
| 2PL: | spiral'da | ə̑šda spiral' |
| 3PL: | spiral'ə̑č́ | ə̑št spiral' |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'ə̑nam | spiral'ə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | spiral'ə̑nat | spiral'ə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | spiral'ə̑n | spiral'ə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | spiral'ə̑nna | spiral'ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | spiral'ə̑nda | spiral'ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | spiral'ə̑nə̑t | spiral'ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'am ə̑l'e | om spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | spiral'at ə̑l'e | ot spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | spiral'eš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | spiral'ə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | spiral'ə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | spiral'ə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t spiral' ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'am ulmaš | om spiral' ulmaš |
| 2SG: | spiral'at ulmaš | ot spiral' ulmaš |
| 3SG: | spiral'eš ulmaš | ok/ogeš spiral' ulmaš |
| 1PL: | spiral'ə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na spiral' ulmaš |
| 2PL: | spiral'ə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da spiral' ulmaš |
| 3PL: | spiral'ə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t spiral' ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'ə̑nam ə̑l'e | spiral'ə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | spiral'ə̑nat ə̑l'e | spiral'ə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | spiral'ə̑n ə̑l'e | spiral'ə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | spiral'ə̑nna ə̑l'e | spiral'ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | spiral'ə̑nda ə̑l'e | spiral'ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | spiral'ə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | spiral'ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'ə̑nam ulmaš | spiral'ə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | spiral'ə̑nat ulmaš | spiral'ə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | spiral'ə̑n ulmaš | spiral'ə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | spiral'ə̑nna ulmaš | spiral'ə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | spiral'ə̑nda ulmaš | spiral'ə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | spiral'ə̑nə̑t ulmaš | spiral'ə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spiral' | it spiral' |
| 3SG: | spiral'že | ə̑nže spiral' |
| 1PL: | (spiral'ə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na spiral') |
| 2PL: | spiral'za | ida spiral' |
| 3PL: | spiral'ə̑št | ə̑nə̑št spiral' |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'nem | ə̑nem spiral' |
| 2SG: | spiral'net | ə̑net spiral' |
| 3SG: | spiral'neže | ə̑než spiral' |
| 1PL: | spiral'nena | ə̑nena spiral' |
| 2PL: | spiral'neda | ə̑neda spiral' |
| 3PL: | spiral'nešt | ə̑nešt spiral' |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spiral'nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | spiral'nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | spiral'neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | spiral'nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | spiral'neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda spiral' ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | spiral'nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt spiral' ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spiral'net ulmaš | ə̑net spiral' ulmaš |
| 3SG: | spiral'neže ulmaš | ə̑než spiral' ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | spiral'neda ulmaš | ə̑neda spiral' ulmaš |
| 3PL: | spiral'nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt spiral' ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | spiral'aš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | spiral'man |
| Active participle: | spiral'še |
| Passive participle: | spiral'me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | spiral'šaš |
| Negative participle: | spiral'də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | spiral'ə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | spiral'de |
| Gerund of prior action: | spiral'mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | spiral'meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | spiral'šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | spiral'maš |
| Negative nominalization: | spiral'də̑maš |
