Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkem | om spit͡ɕke |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕket | ot spit͡ɕke |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕka | ok/ogeʃ spit͡ɕke |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkena | ona/ogəna spit͡ɕke |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkeda | oda/ogəda spit͡ɕke |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkat | ogət spit͡ɕke |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkəʃəm | ʃəm spit͡ɕke |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕkəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ spit͡ɕke |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕkəʃ | əʃ spit͡ɕke |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkəʃna | əʃna spit͡ɕke |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkəʃda | əʃda spit͡ɕke |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkəʃt | əʃt spit͡ɕke |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkenam | spit͡ɕken oməl |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕkenat | spit͡ɕken otəl |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕken | spit͡ɕken ogəl |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkenːa | spit͡ɕken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkenda | spit͡ɕken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkenət | spit͡ɕken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkem əʎe | om spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕket əʎe | ot spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkena əʎe | ona/ogəna spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkeda əʎe | oda/ogəda spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkat əʎe | ogət spit͡ɕke əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkem ulmaʃ | om spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕket ulmaʃ | ot spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkat ulmaʃ | ogət spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkenam əʎe | spit͡ɕken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕkenat əʎe | spit͡ɕken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕken əʎe | spit͡ɕken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkenːa əʎe | spit͡ɕken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkenda əʎe | spit͡ɕken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕken əʎe | spit͡ɕken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkenam ulmaʃ | spit͡ɕken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕkenat ulmaʃ | spit͡ɕken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕken ulmaʃ | spit͡ɕken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkenːa ulmaʃ | spit͡ɕken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkenda ulmaʃ | spit͡ɕken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕken ulmaʃ | spit͡ɕken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕke | it spit͡ɕke |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕkəʒe | ənʒe spit͡ɕke |
| 1PL: | (spit͡ɕkena) | (ona/ogəna spit͡ɕke) |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkəza | ida spit͡ɕke |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkəʃt | ənəʃt spit͡ɕke |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkənem | ənem spit͡ɕke |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕkənet | ənet spit͡ɕke |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕkəneʒe | əneʒ spit͡ɕke |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkənena | ənena spit͡ɕke |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkəneda | əneda spit͡ɕke |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkəneʃt | əneʃt spit͡ɕke |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spit͡ɕkənem əʎe | ənem spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕkənena əʎe | ənet spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 1PL: | spit͡ɕkənena əʎe | ənena spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkəneda əʎe | əneda spit͡ɕke əʎe |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt spit͡ɕke əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spit͡ɕkənet ulmaʃ | ənet spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spit͡ɕkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | spit͡ɕkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spit͡ɕkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt spit͡ɕke ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | spit͡ɕkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | spit͡ɕkəman |
| Active participle: | spit͡ɕkəʃe |
| Passive participle: | spit͡ɕkəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | spit͡ɕkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | spit͡ɕkədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | spit͡ɕken |
| Negative gerund: | spit͡ɕkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | spit͡ɕkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | spit͡ɕkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | spit͡ɕkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | spit͡ɕkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | spit͡ɕkədəmaʃ |
