Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sporam | om spor |
| 2SG: | sporat | ot spor |
| 3SG: | sporeš | ok/ogeš spor |
| 1PL: | sporə̑na | ona/ogə̑na spor |
| 2PL: | sporə̑da | oda/ogə̑da spor |
| 3PL: | sporə̑t | ogə̑t spor |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sporə̑m | šə̑m spor |
| 2SG: | sporə̑č́ | šə̑č́ spor |
| 3SG: | sporo | ə̑š spor |
| 1PL: | sporna | ə̑šna spor |
| 2PL: | sporda | ə̑šda spor |
| 3PL: | sporə̑č́ | ə̑št spor |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sporə̑nam | sporə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sporə̑nat | sporə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sporə̑n | sporə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sporə̑nna | sporə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sporə̑nda | sporə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sporə̑nə̑t | sporə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sporam ə̑l'e | om spor ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sporat ə̑l'e | ot spor ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sporeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš spor ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sporə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na spor ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sporə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da spor ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sporə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t spor ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sporam ulmaš | om spor ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sporat ulmaš | ot spor ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sporeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš spor ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sporə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na spor ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sporə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da spor ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sporə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t spor ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sporə̑nam ə̑l'e | sporə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sporə̑nat ə̑l'e | sporə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sporə̑n ə̑l'e | sporə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sporə̑nna ə̑l'e | sporə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sporə̑nda ə̑l'e | sporə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sporə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | sporə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sporə̑nam ulmaš | sporə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sporə̑nat ulmaš | sporə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sporə̑n ulmaš | sporə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sporə̑nna ulmaš | sporə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sporə̑nda ulmaš | sporə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sporə̑nə̑t ulmaš | sporə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spor | it spor |
| 3SG: | sporžo | ə̑nže spor |
| 1PL: | (sporə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na spor) |
| 2PL: | sporza | ida spor |
| 3PL: | sporə̑št | ə̑nə̑št spor |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spornem | ə̑nem spor |
| 2SG: | spornet | ə̑net spor |
| 3SG: | sporneže | ə̑než spor |
| 1PL: | spornena | ə̑nena spor |
| 2PL: | sporneda | ə̑neda spor |
| 3PL: | spornešt | ə̑nešt spor |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | spornem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem spor ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | spornena ə̑l'e | ə̑net spor ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sporneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než spor ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | spornena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena spor ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sporneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda spor ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | spornešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt spor ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spornet ulmaš | ə̑net spor ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sporneže ulmaš | ə̑než spor ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sporneda ulmaš | ə̑neda spor ulmaš |
| 3PL: | spornešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt spor ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sporaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sporman |
| Active participle: | sporšo |
| Passive participle: | spormo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sporšaš |
| Negative participle: | spordə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sporə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | sporde |
| Gerund of prior action: | spormek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | spormeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sporšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | spormaš |
| Negative nominalization: | spordə̑maš |
