Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startam | om start |
| 2SG: | startat | ot start |
| 3SG: | starteš | ok/ogeš start |
| 1PL: | startə̑na | ona/ogə̑na start |
| 2PL: | startə̑da | oda/ogə̑da start |
| 3PL: | startə̑t | ogə̑t start |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startə̑m | šə̑m start |
| 2SG: | startə̑č́ | šə̑č́ start |
| 3SG: | starte | ə̑š start |
| 1PL: | startna | ə̑šna start |
| 2PL: | startda | ə̑šda start |
| 3PL: | startə̑č́ | ə̑št start |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startə̑nam | startə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | startə̑nat | startə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | startə̑n | startə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | startə̑nna | startə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | startə̑nda | startə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | startə̑nə̑t | startə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startam ə̑l'e | om start ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | startat ə̑l'e | ot start ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | starteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš start ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | startə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na start ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | startə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da start ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | startə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t start ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startam ulmaš | om start ulmaš |
| 2SG: | startat ulmaš | ot start ulmaš |
| 3SG: | starteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš start ulmaš |
| 1PL: | startə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na start ulmaš |
| 2PL: | startə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da start ulmaš |
| 3PL: | startə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t start ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startə̑nam ə̑l'e | startə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | startə̑nat ə̑l'e | startə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | startə̑n ə̑l'e | startə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | startə̑nna ə̑l'e | startə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | startə̑nda ə̑l'e | startə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | startə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | startə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startə̑nam ulmaš | startə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | startə̑nat ulmaš | startə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | startə̑n ulmaš | startə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | startə̑nna ulmaš | startə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | startə̑nda ulmaš | startə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | startə̑nə̑t ulmaš | startə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | start | it start |
| 3SG: | startše | ə̑nže start |
| 1PL: | (startə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na start) |
| 2PL: | startsa | ida start |
| 3PL: | startə̑št | ə̑nə̑št start |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startnem | ə̑nem start |
| 2SG: | startnet | ə̑net start |
| 3SG: | startneže | ə̑než start |
| 1PL: | startnena | ə̑nena start |
| 2PL: | startneda | ə̑neda start |
| 3PL: | startnešt | ə̑nešt start |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | startnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem start ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | startnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net start ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | startneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než start ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | startnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena start ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | startneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda start ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | startnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt start ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | startnet ulmaš | ə̑net start ulmaš |
| 3SG: | startneže ulmaš | ə̑než start ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | startneda ulmaš | ə̑neda start ulmaš |
| 3PL: | startnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt start ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | startaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | startman |
| Active participle: | startše |
| Passive participle: | startme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | startšaš |
| Negative participle: | startdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | startə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | startde |
| Gerund of prior action: | startmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | startmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | startšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | startmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | startdə̑maš |
