Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošem | om sural-ošo |
| 2SG: | sural-ošet | ot sural-ošo |
| 3SG: | sural-oša | ok/ogeš sural-ošo |
| 1PL: | sural-ošena | ona/ogə̑na sural-ošo |
| 2PL: | sural-ošeda | oda/ogə̑da sural-ošo |
| 3PL: | sural-ošat | ogə̑t sural-ošo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošə̑šə̑m | šə̑m sural-ošo |
| 2SG: | sural-ošə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sural-ošo |
| 3SG: | sural-ošə̑š | ə̑š sural-ošo |
| 1PL: | sural-ošə̑šna | ə̑šna sural-ošo |
| 2PL: | sural-ošə̑šda | ə̑šda sural-ošo |
| 3PL: | sural-ošə̑št | ə̑št sural-ošo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošenam | sural-ošen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sural-ošenat | sural-ošen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sural-ošen | sural-ošen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sural-ošenna | sural-ošen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sural-ošenda | sural-ošen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sural-ošenə̑t | sural-ošen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošem ə̑l'e | om sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sural-ošet ə̑l'e | ot sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sural-oša ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sural-ošena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sural-ošeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sural-ošat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošem ulmaš | om sural-ošo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sural-ošet ulmaš | ot sural-ošo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sural-oša ulmaš | ok/ogeš sural-ošo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sural-ošena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sural-ošo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sural-ošeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sural-ošo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sural-ošat ulmaš | ogə̑t sural-ošo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošenam ə̑l'e | sural-ošen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sural-ošenat ə̑l'e | sural-ošen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sural-ošen ə̑l'e | sural-ošen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sural-ošenna ə̑l'e | sural-ošen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sural-ošenda ə̑l'e | sural-ošen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sural-ošen ə̑l'e | sural-ošen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošenam ulmaš | sural-ošen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sural-ošenat ulmaš | sural-ošen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sural-ošen ulmaš | sural-ošen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sural-ošenna ulmaš | sural-ošen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sural-ošenda ulmaš | sural-ošen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sural-ošen ulmaš | sural-ošen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sural-ošo | it sural-ošo |
| 3SG: | sural-ošə̑žo | ə̑nže sural-ošo |
| 1PL: | (sural-ošena) | (ona/ogə̑na sural-ošo) |
| 2PL: | sural-ošə̑za | ida sural-ošo |
| 3PL: | sural-ošə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sural-ošo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošə̑nem | ə̑nem sural-ošo |
| 2SG: | sural-ošə̑net | ə̑net sural-ošo |
| 3SG: | sural-ošə̑neže | ə̑než sural-ošo |
| 1PL: | sural-ošə̑nena | ə̑nena sural-ošo |
| 2PL: | sural-ošə̑neda | ə̑neda sural-ošo |
| 3PL: | sural-ošə̑nešt | ə̑nešt sural-ošo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | sural-ošə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sural-ošə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sural-ošə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sural-ošə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sural-ošə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sural-ošə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sural-ošo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sural-ošə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net sural-ošo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sural-ošə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než sural-ošo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sural-ošə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda sural-ošo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sural-ošə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sural-ošo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sural-ošaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sural-ošə̑man |
| Active participle: | sural-ošə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | sural-ošə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sural-ošə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | sural-ošə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sural-ošen |
| Negative gerund: | sural-ošə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | sural-ošə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sural-ošə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sural-ošə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sural-ošə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | sural-ošə̑də̑maš |
