Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtukam | om śurtuk |
| 2SG: | śurtukat | ot śurtuk |
| 3SG: | śurtukeš | ok/ogeš śurtuk |
| 1PL: | śurtukə̑na | ona/ogə̑na śurtuk |
| 2PL: | śurtukə̑da | oda/ogə̑da śurtuk |
| 3PL: | śurtukə̑t | ogə̑t śurtuk |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtukə̑m | šə̑m śurtuk |
| 2SG: | śurtukə̑č́ | šə̑č́ śurtuk |
| 3SG: | śurtuko | ə̑š śurtuk |
| 1PL: | śurtukna | ə̑šna śurtuk |
| 2PL: | śurtukda | ə̑šda śurtuk |
| 3PL: | śurtukə̑č́ | ə̑št śurtuk |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtukə̑nam | śurtukə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | śurtukə̑nat | śurtukə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | śurtukə̑n | śurtukə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | śurtukə̑nna | śurtukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | śurtukə̑nda | śurtukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | śurtukə̑nə̑t | śurtukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtukam ə̑l'e | om śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | śurtukat ə̑l'e | ot śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | śurtukeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | śurtukə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | śurtukə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | śurtukə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t śurtuk ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtukam ulmaš | om śurtuk ulmaš |
| 2SG: | śurtukat ulmaš | ot śurtuk ulmaš |
| 3SG: | śurtukeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš śurtuk ulmaš |
| 1PL: | śurtukə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na śurtuk ulmaš |
| 2PL: | śurtukə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da śurtuk ulmaš |
| 3PL: | śurtukə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t śurtuk ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtukə̑nam ə̑l'e | śurtukə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | śurtukə̑nat ə̑l'e | śurtukə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | śurtukə̑n ə̑l'e | śurtukə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | śurtukə̑nna ə̑l'e | śurtukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | śurtukə̑nda ə̑l'e | śurtukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | śurtukə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | śurtukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtukə̑nam ulmaš | śurtukə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | śurtukə̑nat ulmaš | śurtukə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | śurtukə̑n ulmaš | śurtukə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | śurtukə̑nna ulmaš | śurtukə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | śurtukə̑nda ulmaš | śurtukə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | śurtukə̑nə̑t ulmaš | śurtukə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | śurtuk | it śurtuk |
| 3SG: | śurtukšo | ə̑nže śurtuk |
| 1PL: | (śurtukə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na śurtuk) |
| 2PL: | śurtuksa | ida śurtuk |
| 3PL: | śurtukə̑št | ə̑nə̑št śurtuk |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtuknem | ə̑nem śurtuk |
| 2SG: | śurtuknet | ə̑net śurtuk |
| 3SG: | śurtukneže | ə̑než śurtuk |
| 1PL: | śurtuknena | ə̑nena śurtuk |
| 2PL: | śurtukneda | ə̑neda śurtuk |
| 3PL: | śurtuknešt | ə̑nešt śurtuk |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | śurtuknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | śurtuknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | śurtukneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | śurtuknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | śurtukneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda śurtuk ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | śurtuknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt śurtuk ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | śurtuknet ulmaš | ə̑net śurtuk ulmaš |
| 3SG: | śurtukneže ulmaš | ə̑než śurtuk ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | śurtukneda ulmaš | ə̑neda śurtuk ulmaš |
| 3PL: | śurtuknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt śurtuk ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | śurtukaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | śurtukman |
| Active participle: | śurtukšo |
| Passive participle: | śurtukmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | śurtukšaš |
| Negative participle: | śurtukdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | śurtukə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | śurtukde |
| Gerund of prior action: | śurtukmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | śurtukmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | śurtukšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | śurtukmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | śurtukdə̑maš |
