Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaranam | om toβaran |
| 2SG: | toβaranat | ot toβaran |
| 3SG: | toβaraneš | ok/ogeš toβaran |
| 1PL: | toβaranə̑na | ona/ogə̑na toβaran |
| 2PL: | toβaranə̑da | oda/ogə̑da toβaran |
| 3PL: | toβaranə̑t | ogə̑t toβaran |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβarańə̑m | šə̑m toβaran |
| 2SG: | toβarańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ toβaran |
| 3SG: | toβarańe | ə̑š toβaran |
| 1PL: | toβaranna | ə̑šna toβaran |
| 2PL: | toβaranda | ə̑šda toβaran |
| 3PL: | toβarańə̑č́ | ə̑št toβaran |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaranə̑nam | toβaranə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | toβaranə̑nat | toβaranə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | toβaranə̑n | toβaranə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | toβaranə̑nna | toβaranə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | toβaranə̑nda | toβaranə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | toβaranə̑nə̑t | toβaranə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaranam ə̑l'e | om toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβaranat ə̑l'e | ot toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβaraneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβaranə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβaranə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβaranə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t toβaran ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaranam ulmaš | om toβaran ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toβaranat ulmaš | ot toβaran ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβaraneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš toβaran ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toβaranə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na toβaran ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toβaranə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da toβaran ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβaranə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t toβaran ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaranə̑nam ə̑l'e | toβaranə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβaranə̑nat ə̑l'e | toβaranə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβaranə̑n ə̑l'e | toβaranə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβaranə̑nna ə̑l'e | toβaranə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβaranə̑nda ə̑l'e | toβaranə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβaranə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | toβaranə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaranə̑nam ulmaš | toβaranə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toβaranə̑nat ulmaš | toβaranə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβaranə̑n ulmaš | toβaranə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toβaranə̑nna ulmaš | toβaranə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toβaranə̑nda ulmaš | toβaranə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβaranə̑nə̑t ulmaš | toβaranə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβaran | it toβaran |
| 3SG: | toβaranže | ə̑nže toβaran |
| 1PL: | (toβaranə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na toβaran) |
| 2PL: | toβaranza | ida toβaran |
| 3PL: | toβaranə̑št | ə̑nə̑št toβaran |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβarannem | ə̑nem toβaran |
| 2SG: | toβarannet | ə̑net toβaran |
| 3SG: | toβaranneže | ə̑než toβaran |
| 1PL: | toβarannena | ə̑nena toβaran |
| 2PL: | toβaranneda | ə̑neda toβaran |
| 3PL: | toβarannešt | ə̑nešt toβaran |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβarannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβarannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβaranneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβarannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβaranneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda toβaran ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβarannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt toβaran ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβarannet ulmaš | ə̑net toβaran ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβaranneže ulmaš | ə̑než toβaran ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toβaranneda ulmaš | ə̑neda toβaran ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβarannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt toβaran ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toβaranaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toβaranman |
| Active participle: | toβaranše |
| Passive participle: | toβaranme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toβaranšaš |
| Negative participle: | toβarandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toβaranə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | toβarande |
| Gerund of prior action: | toβaranmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toβaranmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toβaranšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | toβaranmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | toβarandə̑maš |
